Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Conversion by Hydrazinolysis of Tetrahydropyridine Ester Derivatives into 1-Ammoniotetrahydropyridine 6-oxide Derivatives 10.1039/a801665h O'Callaghan Conor N. McMurry T. Brian H. 1998 1998 9 491 491 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Synthesis and Conformational Study of Stereoisomeric 2-Phenyl-4a,5,6,7,8,8a-hexahydro-4<i>H</i>-1,3,4-benzoxadiazines 10.1039/a801923a Rosling Ari Fülöp Ferenc Askolin Curt-Peter Mattinen Jorma 1998 1998 9 492 492 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Preparation of Androst-5-ene-4,7,17-trione and A-Norandrost-5-ene-3,7,17-trione 10.1039/a803764g Hanson James R. Kiran Ismail Masarweh Natheer F. Uyanik Cavit 1998 1998 9 493 493 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Synthesis of Novel Butterfly-shaped Fe₂SeP and Fe₂SeAs Clusters <i>via</i> Reactions of [Et₃NH][µ-RSe)(µ-CO)Fe₂(CO)₆] with Some Electrophiles 10.1039/a802652a Song Li-Cheng Yan Chao-Guo Hu Qing-Mei Qin Xiang-Dong 1998 1998 9 494 494 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Electronic Substituent Effects of Furoxan and Furazan Systems 10.1039/a803585g Fruttero Roberta Boschi Donatella Fornatto Elisa Serafino Anna Gasco Alberto Exner Otto 1998 1998 9 495 495 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Synthesis of Some New Biologically Active 5-Phenoxy-4-phenyl-1,3-thiazol-2-amines 10.1039/a801237g Ramana M. M. V. Dubhashi Deepnandan S. D'Souza Joseph J. 1998 1998 9 496 496 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Synthesis of (3<i>R</i>,4<i>R</i>)-Hexane-3,4-diol from D-Mannitol 10.1039/a802866d Saravanan P. Singh Vinod K. 1998 1998 9 497 497 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Studies on Regioselective Addition of Alkyl(phosphine)copper Complexes to Epoxides 10.1039/a801664j Mitani Michiharu Iwaki Tsutomu 1998 1998 9 498 499 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Selective Ring-expansion of Oxirane into Tetrahydropyran and Tetrahydrofuran by Reagent-controlled Conditions 10.1039/a803552k Tokumasu Munetaka Sasaoka Asami Hiraga Yoshikazu Ohkata Katsuo 1998 1998 9 500 501 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Studies on Uracils: Synthesis of Novel Uracil Analogues <b><i>via</i> 1,5- and 1,6-Intramolecular Cycloaddition Reactions</b> 10.1039/a800171e Bhuyan Pulak J. Lekhok Kushal C. Sandhu Jagir S. 1998 1998 9 502 503 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry <i>N</i>-Dealkylation of Aliphatic Tertiary Amines and Diamines with Cyanuric Chloride: Crystal Structure of 2,4-Dichloro-6-(<i>N</i>-ethyl-<i>N</i>-isopropylamino)-<i>s</i>-triazine 10.1039/a801596a Reddy N. Dastagiri Elias Anil J. Vij Ashwani 1998 1998 9 504 505 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Monomeric Nickel(II) Complexes with Tetradentate Bis(benzimidazole) Ligands; Synthesis, Spectral and ¹H and ¹³C NMR Studies 10.1039/a704581f Rajesh Mathur Mathur Pavan 1998 1998 9 506 507 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Addition–Cyclization Reactions of Cinnamoyl Isothiocyanate with Nitrogen and Oxygen Nucleophiles 10.1039/a800313k Ahmed A. F. Sayed Aouf N. Assy M. G. 1998 1998 9 508 509 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Correlation Analysis of Reactivity in the Oxidation of Substituted Benzyl Alcohols by Benzyltrimethylammonium Dichloroiodate 10.1039/a800181b Rao P. Surya Chandra Suri Deepa Kothari Seema Banerji Kalyan K. 1998 1998 9 510 511 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry [4+2]Cycloaddition of <i>N</i>-Buta-1,3-dienylsuccinimide to <i>gem</i>-Substituted Vinyl Phosphonates 10.1039/a802359j Defacqz Nathalie Touillaux Roland Marchand-Brynaert Jacqueline 1998 1998 9 512 513 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Electrochemical Behaviour of 3-Arylazo-1,2,4-triazole Compounds in Aqueous Buffered Solutions 10.1039/a800519b Madkour Loutfy H. 1998 1998 9 514 515 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Reactions of 5-Methyl-6-thioxo-5,6,11,12-tetrahydrodibenzo[<i>b</i>,<i>f</i>]azocin-12-one and a Novel Rearrangement to a Hydroximino-isothrochromene 10.1039/a801738g Letcher Roy M. Cheung Kung-Kai Lo Wing-Hong 1998 1998 9 516 517 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Cyclotrimerization of Alkynes using an Activated Zirconium–Titanium Catalyst Prepared by the Reduction of Zirconium Tetrachloride and Titanium Trichloride with Lithium Powder 10.1039/a801320i Chio Kyu Sang Park Moon Kyeu Han Byung Hee 1998 1998 9 518 519 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Structure of Alkali Metal Hydroxamates and their Lossen Rearrangement 10.1039/a802942c Podlaha Jaroslav Cíísařová Ivana Soukupová Ludmila Schraml Jan Exner Otto 1998 1998 9 520 521 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Reaction of 2,2,2-Triphenyl-2<i>H</i>-6,11-methano-cycloundec[<i>d</i>]-1,2λ⁵-oxaphosphole (2-Triphenyl-phosphoranylidenemethyl-5,10-methano[11]-annulenone) and its related Compounds with Heterocumulenes 10.1039/a802314j Nitta Makoto Naya Shin-ichi 1998 1998 9 522 523 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Woodward–Prévost Reaction on Diosgenin and its Hydroxy Analogue: Characterisation and Possible Mechanism for the Formation of Unusual Products 10.1039/a804016h Katoch Rita Baig M. H. A. Trivedi G. K. 1998 1998 9 524 525 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Oligomeric Flavanoids. Part 28. Structure and Synthesis of Ether-linked (4-O-3)-Bis-teracacidins, a Novel Class of Naturally Occurring Proanthocyanidins 10.1039/a804017f Coetzee Johan Malan Elfranco Ferreira Daneel 1998 1998 9 526 527 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Anodic Oxidation of 1-Aryl-2,2-dihalogenocyclopropanes in Methanol or Acetonitrile Media 10.1039/a803421d Lin Shaw-Tao Yao Yi-Fen Jih Yuh-Fehng Lin Lee-Huey 1998 1998 9 528 529 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Factors Affecting Facial Selectivity in the Hydroboration of Steroidal <b>Δ</b>⁵-Alkenes 10.1039/a803403f Arantes Simone F. Hanson James R. Liman Mansur D. Manickavasagar Revathy Uyanik Cavit 1998 1998 9 530 531 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Reaction Between some 6-Halogeno-2,2-dimethyl-, 2,2,6-Trimethyl- and 2,2-Diaryl-2<i>H</i>-naphtho[1,2-<i>b</i>]-pyrans and 1,1-Diphenylethene 10.1039/a801073k Breese Allan Cotterill W. David Iqbal Muhammad Livingstone Robert 1998 1998 9 532 533 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Kinetic Studies and Solvent Effect on the Pyrrolidinolysis of Some Nitro Activated O-aryl Oximes 10.1039/a707238d Jain Ajay K. Sahoo Binod B. Atray Neeraj Jain Vanya Singh Prashant 1998 1998 9 534 535 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Reactions with 3-Amino-5-trifluoromethyl[1,2,4]-triazole: A Convenient Route to Fluorinated Triazolo[1,5-<i>c</i>]thiadiazine, Triazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]triazine, Thiazoles and Thiadiazoles 10.1039/a802034e Zohdi Hussein F. 1998 1998 9 536 537 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Dimolybdenum Complexes with a Potentially Tetradentate PNNP Ligand,2,7-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,8-naphthyridine (dpnapy) 10.1039/a800308d Tanase Tomoaki Igoshi Toshiaki Kobayashi Kimiko Yamamoto Yasuhiro 1998 1998 9 538 539 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry The Effect of Allylic Methoxyl Groups on the Hydroboration of a Steroidal Alkene 10.1039/a802860e Hanson James R. Nagaratnam Sivajini 1998 1998 9 540 541 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Eilatin: Semiempirical MO Calculations of Molecular Structures and Electronic Spectra of the Unprotonated and <i>N</i>-Protonated Molecules 10.1039/a803241f Sato Tsuguo Kataoka Masahiro 1998 1998 9 542 543 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Facile Synthesis of 5-(Substituted vinyl)-uracil Derivatives through Knoevenagel and Stobbe type Condensations of 5-Formyluracils 10.1039/a802515k Singh Harjit Dolly Chimni Swapandeep Singh Kumar Subodh 1998 1998 9 544 545 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry C-Alkylation of Methyl <i>leuco</i>-6-Deoxykermesate by Aldol Reactions and its Application to Synthesis of Carminic Acid 10.1039/a802776e Bingham Steve J. Tyman John H. P. Malik K. M. A. Hibbs David E. Hursthouse Michael B. 1998 1998 9 546 547 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Salicylaldehyde Derivatives as Building Blocks in the Synthesis of Useful Open Chain and Macrocyclic Crown Compounds 10.1039/a802440e Ibrahim Yehia A. Elwahy Ahmed H. M. Abbas Ashraf A. 1998 1998 9 548 549 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Synthesis of Mono- and Di-cyanoborane Adducts from Isonicotinoylhydrazones and Sodium Cyanoborohydride 10.1039/a800165k Ottanà Rosaria Maccari Rosanna Vigorita Maria Gabriella Rotondo Enrico 1998 1998 9 550 551 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Study of Mono- and Bi-nuclear Copper(II) Complexes of Tridentate Reduced Schiff Bases 10.1039/a800175h Sureshan C. A. Bhattacharya P. K. 1998 1998 9 552 553 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Kinetics of the Reactions of Pyridine and Pyridine-<i>N</i>-oxide Carboxylic Acids and Substituted Benzoic Acids with Diazodiphenylmethane in Various Alcohols 10.1039/a804507k Jovanović Bratislav Ž. Drmanić Saša Ž. Mišić-Vuković Milica M. 1998 1998 9 554 555 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Catalytic Oxidation of Saturated C—H Bonds by Tetrabutylammonium Periodate and Manganese Porphyrins 10.1039/a800216i Mohajer Daryoush Bagherzadeh Mojtaba 1998 1998 9 556 557 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Effect of Ionic Strength on the Kinetics of the Oxidation of Ascorbic Acid by Hexacyanoferrate(III): Comparison between Specific Interaction Theories and the Mean Spherical Approximation 10.1039/a801853g Vilariño T. Alonso P. Armesto X. L. Rodrííguez P. Vicente M. E. Sastre de 1998 1998 9 558 559 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Synthesis of Drimanic Sesquiterpenes, (+)-Valdiviolide, (+)-12α-Hydroxyisodrimenin and (+)-Winterin 10.1039/a803123a Nakano Tatsuhiko Villamizar José Maillo María Aracelis 1998 1998 9 560 561 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Reaction of Tungstic Acid–Hydrogen Peroxide with <i>endo</i>-Dicyclopentadiene: An Unusual Observation 10.1039/a801178h Deota Pradeep T. Desai Rakesh Valodkar Vaibhav 1998 1998 9 562 563 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Novel Enone–Benzene Rearrangement of 4,4-Dialkylcholest-5-en-3-ones to Ring-<i>B</i> Aromatic Steroidal Hydrocarbons Catalysed by <i>p</i>-Toluenesulfonic acid 10.1039/a803190h Duan Hui-Yun Li Tong-Shuang 1998 1998 9 564 565 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Crystal Structure of the 1,3-Disilacyclobutane Derivative (Me₃Si)₂CSiMe₂C(SiMe₃)₂SiMe₂ 10.1039/a802008f Eaborn Colin Smith J. David*Hitchcock Peter B. Sözerli Sebnem E. 1998 1998 9 566 567 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Formation of Hydro-1,3-diazines by the Reaction of Benzo[<i>b</i>]cyclohepta[<i>e</i>][1,4]oxazine with α,γ-Diamines 10.1039/a707825k Sato Ohki Seshimo Manabu Tsunetsugu Josuke 1998 1998 9 568 569 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry A Hyperbranched Polymer of Cadmium 10.1039/a802885k Mondal Arunendu Mostafa Golam Ghosh Ashutosh Chaudhuri Nirmalendu Ray 1998 1998 9 570 571 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Synthesis and Tautomerization of 2-Nitro-1-nitrosoethylbenzene in Acetone 10.1039/a801282b Shaabani Ahmad Ameri Majid Bijanzadeh Hamid Reza 1998 1998 9 572 573 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Kinetics and Mechanism of Picolinic Acid Promoted Chromium(VI) Oxidation of Dimethyl Sulfoxide in the Presence and Absence of Surfactants 10.1039/a800993g Das Asim K. Mondal Sudhin K. Kar Dalia Das Mahua 1998 1998 9 574 575 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Stereoselective Synthesis of Dialkyl 2-(3-Methoxy-1-oxoinden-2-yl)-3-(dimethylphosphonato)-butanedioates 10.1039/a801363b Yavari Issa Mosslemin Mohammad Hossein Montahaei Ali Reza 1998 1998 9 576 577 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Relative Ease of Formation of Alkylidine(oxo and thioxo)phosphorane Intermediates in Nucleophilic Substitution at Phosphonyl and Thiophosphonyl Centres 10.1039/a802407c Cox Caroline D. Harger Martin J. P. 1998 1998 9 578 579 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Hydrolysis of Steroidal Esters Catalysed by Tetracyanoethylene 10.1039/a802856g Hanson James R. Uyanik Cavit Yildirim Kudret 1998 1998 9 580 581 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Efficient and Regioselective Conversion of Epoxides into Vicinal Chloroesters with TiCl₄ and Imidazole in Ethyl Acetate 10.1039/a800145f Iranpoor N. Zeynizadeh B. 1998 1998 9 582 583 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Vinyltriphenylphosphonium Salt Mediated One-pot Synthesis of Dialkyl 5-formyl-2<i>H</i>-pyran-2,3-dicarboxylate 10.1039/a802444h Shaabani Ahmad Nejat Faizeh Sadeghi 1998 1998 9 584 585 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Rapid Side-chain Chlorination of Heterocyclic Compounds using Focused Microwave Irradiation 10.1039/a803130d Kidwai Mazaahir Kohli Seema Kumar Parven 1998 1998 9 586 587 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Indium-mediated Coupling Reaction of Sulfonyl Chlorides with Alkyl Bromides in Water. A Facile Synthesis of Sulfones 10.1039/a803996h Wang Lei Zhang Yongmin 1998 1998 9 588 589 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry A Novel Approach to the Rare 4- and 5-Alkylindan-2-ols 10.1039/a803785j Bisel Philippe Frahm August W. 1998 1998 9 590 591 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Catalytic Oxidation of Tetrahydrofuran in the Presence of Transition Metal Complexes under Aerobic Conditions 10.1039/a803377c Shi Min 1998 1998 9 592 593 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Claisen Rearrangement of 2-Allyloxyindolic Ketoester <i>via</i> a Decarboxylative Process 10.1039/a803584i Malapel-Andrieu Béatrice Piroëlle Simone Mérour Jean-Yves 1998 1998 9 594 595 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Facile Synthesis of Amidines <i>via</i> the Intermolecular Reductive Coupling of Nitriles with Nitro Compounds Induced by Samarium(II) Iodide 10.1039/a803011a Zhou Longhu Zhang Yongmin 1998 1998 9 596 597 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Reductive Cleavage of the Se–Se Bond by the Sm–Me₃SiCl–H₂O System: Preparation of Unsymmetrical Phenyl Selenides 10.1039/a803305f Wang Lei Zhang Yongmin 1998 1998 9 598 599 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry 15-Acetoxypinguisone and a Cyclocuparanol from the Liverwort <i>Cryptothallus mirabilis</i> Malmb.‡ 10.1039/a803615b Rycroft David S. Cole W. John 1998 1998 9 600 601 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Synthesis of Pentafluorophenyl or Chlorotetrafluorophenyl Allenes 10.1039/a802939c Shen Yanchang Zhang Zenghong 1998 1998 9 602 603 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Montmorillonite Clay Catalysis. Part 13.¹ Etherification of Cholesterol Catalysed by Montmorillonite K-10 10.1039/a803050b Lu Bo Li Li Tong-Shuang Li Ji-Tai 1998 1998 9 604 605 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Synthesis and Structure of 7-Methyl-2-(4′-methyl-2′,3′-dihydro-1′<i>H</i>-inden-1′-yl)-1<i>H</i>-indene 10.1039/a708862k Moglioni Albertina G. Tombari Dora G. Iglesias Graciela Y. Moltrasio 1998 1998 9 606 607 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Unusual Reactions of the Tricyclo[5.3.1.0^5,11]undecane Ring System of the Decipiane Diterpenes 10.1039/a803890b Syah Yana M. Ghisalberti Emilio L. 1998 1998 9 608 609 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Selective Oxidation of Toluene Catalysed by Ultrafine Fe–Mo Oxide Particles 10.1039/a803987i Kuang Wenxing Fan Yining Liu Chibiao Chen Kaidong Chen Yi 1998 1998 9 610 611 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Regio- and Stereo-selective Reaction of Chiral Alkoxy- and Aminomethyl-substituted α-Silylallyl Carbanions with Aldehydes 10.1039/a802886i Liu Li Wang Dong 1998 1998 9 612 613 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry A Facile Preparation of 4-Arylidene-4,5-dihydrooxazol-5-ones using Zeolite as a Cyclodehydrating Agent 10.1039/a802863j Boruah Anima Baruah Partha P. Sandhu Jagir S. 1998 1998 9 614 615 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry First Example of Alkynyliodonium Tosylates coupling with 1,1-Bimetalloalkenes of Selenium and Zirconium 10.1039/a801589i Sun Ai-Ming Huang Xian 1998 1998 9 616 617 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Mild and Selective Phase Transfer Catalysed Bromination of Terminal Acetylenes Using Carbon Tetrabromide as Reagent 10.1039/a803272f Abele Edgars Rubina Kira Abele Ramona Gaukhman Aleksandr Lukevics Edmunds 1998 1998 9 618 619 Abstract PDF research-article

Journal of Chemical Research 0308-2342 Royal Society of Chemistry Direct Oxidative Deprotection using Montmorillonite Supported Bis(trimethylsilyl)chromate 10.1039/a803237h Heravi M. M. Ajami D. Tabar-Heydar K. Mojtahedi M. M. 1998 1998 9 620 621 Abstract PDF research-article