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Charles Townes and co-workers at Columbia University in New York and Drs. Basov and Prochorov at the Lebedev Institute in Moscow make the first MASER. The precursor to Lasers the name is an acronym from, Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. As the name implies masers produce and amplify electromagnetic radiation in the microwave region of the spectrum. Masers serve as time standards in some atomic clocks and are also used as low-noise radio frequency amplifiers in satellite communication and radio astronomy.
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