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Ytterbium - Yb General Information Discovery Ytterbium was discovered by J.C.G. de Marignac in 1878 in Geneva, Switzerland. Appearance Ytterbium has a bright, silvery lustre. It is soft, malleable and quite ductile. Source In common with many lanthanide elements, ytterbium is found principally in the mineral monazite, from which it can be extracted by ion exchange and solvent extraction. Uses Ytterbium is little used outside research. Biological Role Ytterbium has no known biological role, and is non-toxic. General Information Ytterbium is slowly oxidised by the air, and reacts with water. It is readily attacked by acids. |
| Physical Information | |||
| Atomic Number | 70 | ||
| Relative Atomic Mass (12C=12.000) | 173.04 | ||
| Melting Point/K | 1097 | ||
| Boiling Point/K | 1466 | ||
| Density/kg m-3 | 6965 (293K) | ||
| Ground State Electron Configuration | [Xe]4f146s2 | ||
| Electron Affinity(M-M-)/kJ mol-1 | -50 |
| Key Isotopes | ||||||
| nuclide | 168Yb | 169Yb | 170Yb | 171Yb | 172Yb | |
| atomic mass | 167.9 | 169.9 | 170.9 | 171.9 | ||
| natural abundance | 0.14% | 0% | 3.06% | 14.4% | 21.9% | |
| half-life | stable | 31.8 days | stable | stable | stable | |
| nuclide | 173Yb | 174Yb | 175Yb | 176Yb | ||
| atomic mass | 172.9 | 173.9 | 175.9 | |||
| natural abundance | 16.1% | 31.8% | 0% | 12.7% | ||
| half-life | stable | stable | 101 h | stable | ||
| Other Information | ||
| Enthalpy of Fusion/kJ mol-1 | 9.2 | |
| Enthalpy of Vaporisation/kJ mol-1 | 159 | |
| Oxidation States | ||
| Yb+2, Yb+3 | ||
| Ionisation Energies/kJ mol-1 | ||
| M - M+ | 603.4 | |
| M+ - M2+ | 1176 | |
| M2+ - M3+ | 2415 | |
| M3+ - M4+ | 4220 | |
| M4+ - M5+ | ||
| M5+ - M6+ | ||
| M6+ - M7+ | ||
| M7+ - M8+ | ||
| M8+ - M9+ | ||
| M9+ - M10+ | ||
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