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The Open University provides a full and detailed list of our all its videos available to purchase at: http://www.ouw.co.uk/videos
The Open University also operates an 'Off-Air' license scheme for UK and Eire educational establishments and companies for direct recording of programmes when broadcast. For further information see: http://www.ouw.co.uk/ouw/offair/
This programme provides a historical reconstruction of the discovery and nature of liquid crystals. It looks at how, nearly 100 years after it was first discovered, British chemists have finally found a way to exploit this new state in the electronic display technology industry. The programme also examines how some forms of liquid crystals have existed since life began on earth and how they are essential to the success of all life forms.
29 minutes. 1998 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £130.50 +VAT
What is global warming? Is there evidence for change? Have humans anything to do with those changes? This documentary style programme addresses these questions and reveals that the recent changes in climate are negligible compared to changes over long time scales before humans could have had an effect. The programme also looks at some of the natural causes in climate change and the dramatic and significant impact it could have on our lives.
29 minutes. 1998 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £130.50 +VAT
Set in Almaden Spain, the world's largest producer of Mercury, this programme traces the history of mercury from its use as a cosmetic and a paint, through to magnetic levitation railway trains.
29 minutes. 1998 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £130.50 +VAT
This programme explores one of the main ideas of quantum physics wave-particle duality. It follows the story of the electron: how its particle-like nature was discovered in 1897 and how its wave-like nature was demonstrated some 30 years later. The programme also focuses on the Solvay conference of 1927, at which many of the important scientists of the day met to discuss the new ideas of quantum physics.
29 minutes. 1998 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £130.50 +VAT
One of the basic science skills is observation. However the observations of early scientists were limited to what they could see with their unaided eyes. This programme maps out some of the important stages in the historical development of instruments that allows scientists to look at smaller objects in detail exploring the development of the optical microscope and looks at X-ray diffraction, the transmission electron microscope and the latest scanning tunnelling microscope.
29 minutes. 1998 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £130.50 + VAT
A series of six programmes that aim to give an understanding of microscopic events in our daily lives.
Looks at the chemistry of creation.
24 minutes. 1988. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £130.50 + VAT
This programme examines how chemistry can be used in examining historical events and forensic science.
24 minutes. 1988. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
This programme examines the relationship of chemistry and aesthetics. The chemistry of photography and the use of the colour blue through history are looked at.
24 minutes. 1988. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
From an astronaut in space to a frog's 'anti -freeze' - the role of chemistry in survival of hostile environments is looked at. Persistent chemicals and nitrogen are examined.
24 minutes. 1988. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
Political and economic power and the role of chemistry: Haber and the production of ammonia for both fertilizer and explosives; synthesis of diamonds in the 1950's; synthesis of materials harder than diamond; and the 'non' economic development of Penicillin by Florey in Britain.
24 minutes. 1988. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
Life and death from a chemical perspective: the chemistry of a heart attack; the role of oxygen in the origin of life; the free - radical threat to premature babies; the toxin ricin; and the chemistry of decomposition.
24 minutes. 1988. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
This support video looks at the following topics: air and the mixture of elements that make up air including the properties of oxygen and nitrogen; the section on earth examines the processes by which materials are extracted from rocks and minerals; the section on fire discusses how we use fire as a source of energy and how it can be controlled; and the final section, water, focuses on the purity of the water and how tap water is made drinkable.
162 minutes. 1996 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
Covers the applications of computers to molecular modelling. Flu-a suitable case for treatment? Focuses on how computer based modelling has enabled a potential anti-flu drug to be designed. Force feedback-the early days? Looks to the future and examines how virtual reality systems could transform the way in which new molecules are designed.
38 minutes. 1996 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £85.00 + VAT
A look at the work of the following chemists.
Harry Kroto (University of Sussex) and C60 Buckminster Fullerene: brief view of equipment used to generate and measure the mass of fullerenes where a pulsed laser on graphite produces clusters which are fed into a 'time of flight' mass spectrometer.Fraser Stoddart (University of Birmingham) and macrocycles (collarenes): paraquat and a polyether are mixed producing an orange solution confirming paraquat has entered the cyclic cavity; and separated macrocycles form polymeric chains and entwine at low temperatures exhibiting 'pseudo DNA' behaviour.
Barry Sharpless (MIT) and production of a chiral diol using an asymmetric catalyst: quinine is added to osmium tetraoxide to give an asymmetric catalyst; addition of stilbene produces a green complex; and addition of the oxidant generates the original catalyst and the chiral diol product.
Jack Baldwin (University of Oxford): discussion of haemoglobin, haem unit and the porphyrin ring including a demonstration of the one step synthesis of the porphyrin ring using tetraldehyde precursor and pyrrole.
Don Tomalia (Michigan Molecular Institute) talks about 'Star Burst Dendrimers' modelled on the branched spherical growth of coral. ('Star Burst' may refer to a particular variety of firework - DM)
24 minutes. 1991. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
Short discussion on chirality including: Polaroid and plastic film; Thalidomide; enzymes as organic biocatalysts where bacteria are used to biotransform common products the example discussed is separation of gammolactone into (-) and (+) gammalactone; and finally the use of computer modelling in drug synthesis.
24 minutes. 1991. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
Analysis of organic compounds is discussed in this programme. The following analytical techniques are used to look at 4 enantiomer pairs of one synthetic pyrethroid, infrared spectroscopy, 13C NMR and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
The second part of the programme uses gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to analyse urine for certain specific metabolites emanating from metabolic diseases.
24 minutes. 1991. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
Discussion and examples of the following topics relating to ozone: ozone production the main source being nitrogen dioxide from the internal combustion engine; the role of catalytic converters; alternative fuels - hydrogen, methanol and ethanol; stratospheric ozone and its depletion by chlorofluorocarbons (chemical view point); the role of chlorofluorocarbons in fridges; and an in-depth discussion of the strategy that ICI used to find the replacement for the chlorofluorocarbon CFC 134.
24 minutes. 1991. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
This programme looks at the conversion from laboratory to large scale production. Procedures and equipment looked at include: small scale catalytic test reactor and gas chromatography; process scale up and its problems from laboratory to pilot plants including a look at a pilot plant reactor for the conversion of synthesis gas in to paraffin wax and then gas oil; scanning electron microscopy is used to look at a catalyst surface; and biotransformation of molasses in to monosodium glutamate using bacteria.
24 minutes. 1991. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
Polymers have been around for many years. This programme introduces two novel polymers.
Discussion on conductive polymers including the polymerisation of acetylene (ethyne) to a metallic film with a demonstration of release of aromatic rings from alternative polymer precursor of polyacetylene: as the aromatic rings are removed from the polymer, ene units are produced; the length of the internal ene chain increases and the polymer absorbs differing wavelengths of the visible spectrum leading to various colour changes; the metallic film is removed from reactor and exposed to iodine vapour where upon its conductivity is tested.
Discussion of characteristics needed by polymers used to coat subcutaneous drug delivery systems is the second example looked at. The example used is the co -polymer dl-lactide/glycoside. Examples are shown along with electron micrographs of the hydrolysed polymer.
24 minutes. 1991. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
This programme starts with a first year undergraduate synthesis of Aspirin and then leads on to a discussion about the search at Boots (Nottingham) for a drug with better analgesic, antipyretic and antiinflammatory properties than Aspirin, culminating in the release (1969) of the antiinflammatory drug Brufen529 (Ibuprofen: 2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid) and then Nurofen.
Also discussed is the retrosynthetic analysis of 2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid.
Shots of the industrial manufacture of Ibuprofen are also shown.
The names Brufen and Nurofen are registered trade marks of Knoll Pharmaceuticals UK and Boots plc, Nottingham respectively.
24 minutes. 1991. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
Fascinating chemical voyage through everyday life with antipodean Ben Selinger author of 'Chemistry in the Market Place' (John Murray (Publishers) 1979).
24 minutes. 1991. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
The chemical Alar is sprayed on to fruit trees to increase fruit set. Some believe this chemical to be harmful to man when ingested. The programme debates the use of Alar. The discussion ranges from: the role (or non-role) of scientists in the debate; the difference between actual and perceived risk; and environmental risk and cost/benefit analysis.
49 minutes. 1993. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £195.00 + VAT
'Pure' and 'ethical' research is discussed - topics range from medical research into the gene linked with Cystic Fibrosis to the further use of genetic analysis in pre obstetric counselling leading possibly to some form of eugenics. The programme includes a short introduction to genetic analysis using the polymerase chain reaction.
49 minutes. 1993. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £195.00 + VAT
This programme looks at the strength of the arguments in support of the claim that the public 'should know more about science'. It asks what good would be achieved by a greater public understanding of science.
Does science matter? received a Royal Television Award in the adult education and training category.
49 minutes. 1994 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £195.00 + VAT
The ozone hole over Antarctica was discovered in 1985. Each spring since then, the hole has reappeared-and now it looks as though something similar is happening in the northern hemisphere as well. This programme explores the key part that physical chemistry has played in the effort to understand these disturbing developments, and includes contributions from several prominent researchers in the field.
24 minutes. 1996 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
This programme focuses on research at the Johnson Matthey Technology Centre, aimed at the development of an automotive catalyst which is more effective at low temperatures. It includes a visit to the UK synchrotron facility at the Daresbury laboratory to produce an EXAFS spectrum of the catalyst and hence obtain some indication of the distribution of atoms on its surface.
24 minutes. 1996 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
This programme illustrates some of the strategies adopted by the steel and automotive industries in order to tackle the problem of corrosion. It shows how the overall approach to rust prevention depends on an understanding of the chemistry of corrosion, and highlights the reasons why certain ares in cars are so vulnerable to attack.
24 minutes. 1996 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
The following S343 inorganic chemistry programmes are ganged on one videotape.
96 minutes. 1989. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £120.00 + VAT
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
The chemical reactions of titanium, manganese and cobalt are explored.
1 Chemistry of Titanium: (i) titanium chloride and moisture in air; (ii) titanium chloride and water produce fumes of hydrated titanium dioxide; and (iii) addition of concentrated sulphuric acid to titanium dioxide followed by boiling, dilution with water and zinc (as reductant) produces hydrogen gas and aqueous titanium (III).
2 Chemistry of Manganese: (i) manganese metal and dilute acid give manganese (II) solution; (ii) addition of potassium persulphate and trace of silver nitrate (catalyst) to manganese (II) solution gives manganese (III) solution; (iii) addition of sodium bismuthate to manganese (II) solution gives manganese (VII) solution; (iv) conversion of manganese (II) hydroxide to manganese (III) hydroxide using oxygen; (iv) hydrogen peroxide is added to manganese (III) hydroxide to give manganese dioxide (manganese (IV)); (v) manganese dioxide, potassium hydroxide and a little potassium nitrate are melted on an evaporating basin producing potassium manganate (manganese (VI)) and upon solvation with excess water disproportionation to manganese (IV) dioxide and permanganate (VII) solution occurs; and (vi) addition of sodium sulphite as reductant to manganate melt gives crystals of manganese (V).
3 Chemistry of Cobalt:(i) pink solution of cobalt (II); (ii) electrolysis of acidic cobalt (II) solution to give cobalt (III) using rotating platinum electrode and an ice bath; (iii) reduction of cobalt (III) to cobalt (II) under mild conditions; (iv) cobalt (II) and sodium hydroxide gives precipitate of cobalt (II) hydroxide, oxygen is then bubbled through giving cobalt (III) hydroxide; (v) ammonium chloride solution is added to aqueous cobalt (II) giving cobalt (II) chloride and upon addition of dilute ammonia, hexamminecobalt (II); (vi) oxygen is passed through a mixture of hexamminecobalt (II) and activated charcoal and after filtration a solution of hexamminecobalt (III) is produced; and (vii) shot of crystals of hexamminecobalt (III) chloride.
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
The relative stabilities of the di- and tri- positive aqueous ions of the 1st transition series - chromium (II), manganese (II), iron (II), cobalt (II) and nickel (II) are subjected to increasingly powerful oxidants:
(i) aqueous solutions of the following
dipositive ions - chromium
(II) (above mercury amalgam), manganese (II), iron (II),
cobalt (II) and nickel (II)
are shown
(ii) oxygen is passed through aqueous chromium
(II) (above
mercury amalgam) producing chromium (III) / comparison with
aqueous chromium
(II)
(iii) hydrogen peroxide is added to aqueous iron (II)
producing aqueous
iron (III) / comparison with aqueous iron (II)
(iv)
comparison of aqueous
manganese (II) and, previously prepared by oxidation with
persulphate, aqueous
manganese (III)
(v) electrolytic conversion of aqueous
cobalt (II) to cobalt (III)
(vi) nickel (II)
(vii) further investigation of the
stabilities of the dipositive
ions iron (II) and manganese (II)
High Oxidation States in the 1st Transitions Series
(i) chromium (VI): action of acid
and alkali on chromate
and dichromate; action of alkali on chromium (III) followed by
oxidation with
hydrogen peroxide and boiling to give chromate
(ii) iron
(VI): sodium
hypochlorite is reacted with iron (III) hydroxide to give the
ferrate ion - iron (IV).
Acid is then added to give iron (III) and oxygen
(iii)
copper (III): copper (II)
chloride, potassium chloride and fluorine are reacted at 350oC
to give potassium
hexafluorocuprate (III)
(iv) nickel (IV): nickel (II) salt,
potassium chloride and
fluorine are reacted at 350oC to give potassium
hexafluoronickelate (IV)
(v)
reaction of nickel (IV) and copper (III) with nitric acid
The Oxidation States of Vanadium
(i) sodium vanadate is reacted with acid to
give vanadyl
(vanadium (V))
(ii) to Vanadium (V), zinc amalgam is added
producing
vanadium (V) and vanadium (IV), further agitation gives pure
vanadium (IV), then
vanadium (III), and finally vanadium (II)
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
Animation and discussion of angular and radial functions of 3d orbitals through to 95% probability contour models.
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
Animation and discussion of the symmetry functions of cobalt tetrachloride - plane, rotational and improper.
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
Animation and discussion of the symmetry functions of titanium hexafluoride - from plane, rotational, improper rotational to centre of inversion.
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
Discussion and guide to apparatus used to acquire low temperature (4K) visible spectra from crystalline transition metal complexes e5specially ligand field splitting and charge transfer transitions. Examples discussed include tetrabromocobalt (II), hexamminecobalt pentachlorocuprate and potassium permanganate.
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
Brief discussion of the basic structural unit of zeolites followed by an animated construction of complex zeolites from the basic structure e.g. sodalite, includes the use of a Van der Vaals net to show available space in side unit cell. Other animated uses of zeolite 'A' shown include: (i) trapping of methane; and (ii) the explanation of its desiccant properties. The role of zeolites in catalysis is also looked at.
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
(i) the oxidation states of uranium: air is passed through aqueous uranium (III) giving uranium (IV), acid is then added and the solution heated in hot water producing uranium (VI)
(ii) the discovery of nuclear fission: Glen Seaborg (University of California) discusses his personal thoughts upon learning that nuclear fission is possible
(iii) the oxidation states of plutonium: plutonium (III), (IV) (in concentrated and dilute acid), and (VI)
(iv) the concept of the actinide series: Glen Seaborg (University of California) discusses his role in the placing of the actinide series in the present periodic table
(v) the chemistry of americium and curium: americium (III) is reacted with potassium persulphate producing americium (VI); and luminescence of curium (III) is observed
(vi) discussion of the chemistry of element 104
(vii) a comparison of the chemistry of uranium, neptunium, plutonium and americium where solid sodium nitrite is added in two stages to the above tripositive aqueous solutions giving: uranium (IV) then uranium (VI); neptunium (IV) then neptunium(V); plutonium (III)/plutonium (IV) then plutonium (IV); and americium (III) - no reaction
The following S343 inorganic chemistry programmes are ganged on one videotape.
176 minutes. 1989. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £85.00 + VAT
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
Prof E A V Ebsworth discusses homogenous catalysis:
Ir(CO)(PEt3)2 is reacted with chloro -difluorophosphorus (III) in an oxidative addition reaction to form the 6 coordinate species - IrCl2(PF2)(CO)(PEt3)2. The compound is analysed and the results discussed. Also included is a discussion of: metal nmr of 95Mo and 97Mo; two dimensional nmr - coupling (J) versus chemical shift; nmr correlation spectra - example used chemical shift(13C) vs chemical shift(31P); and magnetic resonance imaging.
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
The manufacture of silicon from quartz,limestone, coal and wood charcoal introduces this programme on silicones. The mix is heated in an electric arc furnace and the silicon dioxide is reduced to silicon, tapped of and cast.
Shots of Dow Corning's UK Barry Island plant where raw silicon is reacted form silicone polymers with the use of a copper catalyst and a fluidised bed reactor. Also included is a discussion on various cross linking mechanisms to form materials such as bath sealants. Example used is hydrogen elimination with a demonstration where a low density cross linked silicone foam is produced. The programme also looks at the use and advantages of silicon rubber products: silicone tubing. The case studied is that of the Mentec II where 99Mo adsorbed on to an alumina column and eluted using saline solution to produce 99Tc, a short lived radioactive isotope for medical use.The advantageous properties of silicon tubing in the dispenser are discussed. The programme follows with another case study: that of reconstructive surgery using silicones carried out on a young girl who fell down a well in America when only 18 months old.
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
This programme comprises: separation of nitrogenase from azotobacter chroococum where cells are harvested, broken and finally separated using ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography; discussion of mechanism of nitrogen fixation in nitrogenase; cyclic ammonia generation; and demonstration of an electrolytic cell comprising nitrogen gas and a tungsten complex producing ammonia.
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
1 Ceramics
Manufacture of a thin film zirconium/aluminium ceramic involving laboratory/industrial demonstration from co-precipitation of aluminium and zirconium hydroxides from urea solution to mixture with organic solvent. Also included: scanning electron micrographs of ceramics; silicon carbide and aluminium nitride ceramics; and inductively coupled plasma spectrophotometry, density and thermal conductivity measurement used to assess produced ceramics.
2 Liquid Crystals
Detailed explanation of the terms smectic, nematic and cholesteric phases using animation and plastic bottles. The programme follows with a demonstration of Rheinitzers experiment where cholesterol benzoate is heated and is illuminated with white light. As the benzoate reaches the Cholesteric phase the blue component of the white light is reflected. The experiment is then up dated using a helium/neon laser. Also included is a short description of hydroquinone terephthalate polymer manufacture - after extrusion and cooling the polymer is fractured in a test rig. The polymer is then examined using electron microscopy and 1H nmr.
3 Synthetic Metals
Professor A. G. Macdiarmid (University of Pennsylvania) discusses the synthetic metal poly(acetylene) (poly(ethyne)).
4 Superconductors
Demonstration of superconductivity: superconductive temperature (Tc) is determined by plotting resistance as function of temperature for a sample cooled with liquid helium. The Meissner effect is then demonstrated using liquid nitrogen and a mixed copper - barium oxide sample, this is followed by a brief discussion of superconductive theory.
(Part of an Open University video collection on one tape. Please refer to programme title above for tape details)
A look at British Nuclear Fuels - THermal Oxide Reprocessing Plant at Sellafield - THORP from a chemical perspective.
The initial reception of a 100T container holding 3T of spent reactor fuel is followed from lid removal to storage before reprocessing. The transport container and a fuel rod are also examined.
Chemistry of reprocessing - laboratory demonstration of the reprocessing procedure:
(i) safety procedures
(ii) a mock Spent oxide fuel is dissolved in nitric acid. The separate elements, plutonium (IV) and uranium (VI), in 7M nitric acid are then examined.
(iii) a description of the complex liquid/liquid extraction with kerosene and tributyl phosphate as complexing reagent used to separate plutonium (IV) and uranium (VI) in reactor fuel.
(v) the separation of mock spent fuel containing uranium, plutonium and cobalt (used to simulate fission products) is then demonstrated
(vi) demonstration of continuous flow separation using a pulsed column and a look at one the columns as used in THORP.
Treatment of separation products:
(i) fission products (laboratory demonstration) are heated strongly to remove water, at 500oC to remove nitrogen oxides leaving the metal oxides. Sodium borosilicate frit is added and heated to 1100oC, poured into a mould and cooled. A brief look at the actual process.
(ii) uranium (laboratory demonstration) in the Kerosene layer is extracted into water. Shots of uranium trioxide and uranium dioxide.
(iii) aqueous plutonium (laboratory demonstration) is oxidised with sodium nitrite to plutonium (IV). Oxalic acid is added to precipitate plutonium (IV) oxalate.
The programme finishes with a short look at the manufacture of new fuel pellets from uranium and plutonium oxides.
This programme looks at the 'birth' of a drug. The laboratory synthesis of the drug Doxazosin (anti -hypertensive) using acid chloride and amine is shown, includes liquid/ liquid extraction and the use of the rotary evaporator. The programme then looks at the physiological action of an alpha blocker's ability to block noradrenaline on vascular smooth wall tissue from the small intestine.
24 minutes. 1989. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £55.00 + VAT
The use of alpine borane in the chiral reduction of asymmetric ketones into chirally pure tertiary alcohols. Short discussion on the role of iron acetyls in synthesis.
24 minutes. 1989. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £55.00 + VAT
Case study of the sex pheromone of a moth. Collected sex pheromones are separated using gas chromatography. The eluent from the gas chromatograph is split 50/50 between a flame ionisation detector and an electro antennae-gramme (a male moth's antennae hard wired into a detecting circuit). The programme also includes: analysis of synthetic moth sex hormone using gas chromatograph / mass spectra and a super conducting nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer; and shots of the experimental pesticide when applied to cotton leaves.
24 minutes. 1989. PAL VHS tape
Discussion only on the synthesis of prostaglandins.
25 minutes. 1989. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £55.00 + VAT
This video is concerned with a technique using a column packed with silica. Compounds, in a solution known as the mobile phase, a pass through the column under pressure and invariably separate as they tend to pass through the column at different rates. By using computers, it is possible to scale up the separation to produce grams of purified organic compounds.
26 minutes. 1990 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £35 + VAT
This video examines three principal types of mass spectrometer: the quadrapole device which is used as the basic cheaper laboratory system: the more traditional magnetic sector instrument, offering greater accuracy, but a price; and the hybrid machine, aiming to combine the best features of the other two, at an even greater price.
In addition, the different methods of ionisation and information obtained by the spectrometer, as a spectrum, are shown.
20 minutes. 1990 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £35 + VAT
This video is concerned with the uses and principles underlying the infra-red spectroscopy technique, demonstrating the value of the mathematical technique known as Fourier transformation to provide a powerful method of analysis. This technique is compared and contrasted with mass spectrometry from the previous video in the series (S344/VC02).
11 minutes. 1990 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £35 + VAT
This video examines the technique of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), which capitalises on the fact that it nuclei spin and also act like tiny magnets (Larmor precession). NMR complements the methods shown in the two previous videos on mass spectrometry and infra-red spectroscopy.
60 minutes. 1990 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £35 + VAT
These two video sequences show a series demonstrations on experimental techniques, which include: continuous extraction; flash chromatography; reduced-pressure distillation; small-scale recrystallisation and distillation; reactions in a controlled atmosphere; and reactions at low temperatures.
36 minutes. 1990 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £35 + VAT
The role of three - way catalytic converters in reducing airborne gaseous exhaust emissions from cars is examined: (i) generation of the exhaust gases carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOX) and hydrocarbons (HC) in the car engine; (ii) the operation of a selected catalyst is observed using a Temporal Analysis of Products (TAP) reactor to monitor the reactants and products; and (iii) the construction of a three - way catalytic convertor, from the macro to the nearly atomic level, is looked at using a variety of techniques including scanning electron microscopy, electron microprobe analysis, transmission electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron microscopy. The programme ends by looking at the problems encountered when matching the 'laboratory' converter to 'real life' situations such as mechanical damage and 'cold starting'.
?? minutes. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
This CD-ROM contains two activities.
An Element On The Move: This programme investigates the Earth's natural carbon cycle. Using video and art work, students can explore the multiplicity of ways in which carbon moves through the environment.
Award winner for best new media production, British Environment and Media Awards 1997.
Study time: 60 minutes
Global Warming and Cooling: two different climatic models are used to help develop an understanding of how a variety of factors affect the Earth's surface temperature. Students can also explore the role that computer modelling can play in explaining and predicting climate change.
Study time: 60 minutes
System requirements: PC only, Windows 3.X/95, minimum 486DX2/66MHz
Cost: £22.49 + VAT
The following three activities are taken from a CD-ROM containing seven in total.
Journey to the Centre of the Earth: this programme is a set of three linked activities relating to seismic waves and the information they provide about the earth. Students can investigate rock types in the mantle and the structure of the Earth's core.
Study time: 75 minutes
Plate Tectonics on a sphere: enables students to visualise plate motion; export sea-floor spreading along divergent boundaries: and investigate the relative motion of two plates. Using this knowledge students will be able to determine positions of the axes of rotation of pairs of plates which can be used to decide directions of plate motion.
Study time: 45 minutes
Plate Motion in the Past and Future: investigates the positions of plates and continents in the past 400 million years and predictions for their positions up to a 100 million years in the future.
Study time: 60 minutes
System requirements: PC only, Windows 3.X/95, minimum 486DX2/66MHz
Cost: £26.53 + VAT
This CD-ROM contains nine activities.
Chemical Periodicity: develops an understanding of what is meant by chemical periodicity. Students participate in the on-screen experiments to illustrate how chemical periodicity can be used to predict the properties of chemical elements. They are also shown how to construct a complete periodic table.
Study time: 90 minutes.
Surveying the Periodic Table: shows how the periodic table divides into four small blocks of elements. Students explore how the blocks fit together to produce a periodicity in the distribution of metals, semi-metals and non-metals that extends over the whole table.
Study time: 30 minutes
Balancing Equations: explains the terminology used in chemical equations and develops skills by showing students how to balance a set of example questions.
Study time: 50 minutes
Electrons in atoms: investigates the quantum world of atoms. Students compare and contrast energy level diagrams, spectra and electron probability clouds of hydrogen, helium and lithium ions. Students also explore how these properties depend on the atomic number of the atom or ion.
Study time: 30 minutes
Nucleons in Nuclei: enables students to discover which nuclei exist, which are stable, which are unstable, and how unstable nuclei decay. This activity includes a database of the properties of all the possible nuclei in the universe.
Study time: 90 minutes
Quarks: investigates two types reactions involving quarks. Students use a 'virtual particle accelerator' to discover the rules underlying such interactions and use a 'quark fruit machine' to build hadrons from quarks.
Study time: at 30 minutes
Chemical Periodicity and electron structure: investigates the link between the electron configurations of atoms and the periodic table. Students explore how the correct procedure for writing electron configurations and the use of electron structure to explain chemical periodicity, can be developed together in a mutually supportive way.
Study time: 40 minutes
Chemical Equilibrium: introduces the important concept of the equilibrium in chemical reactions. Students explore how changing reaction conditions lead to changes in the mixture of chemicals present at equilibrium.
Study time 60 minutes
Organic Molecules: examines three aspects of organic chemistry: shapes of molecules; visualisation of three-dimensional models; and predictions of reactions by identification of functional groups. The activity provides images of ball and stick models and students can use a molecular visualisation package to rotate the images of the molecules and develop an understanding of their three-dimensional nature.
System requirements : PC only, Windows 3.X/95, minimum 486DX2/66MHz
Cost: £31.49 + VAT
The following three activities are taken from a CD-ROM containing seven.
Properties of Minerals: introduces six properties of minerals colour, shape, lustre, hardness, cleavage and response to the acid test. Students investigate each property through a variety of examples using animated three-dimensional models and virtual experiments.
Study time: 45 minutes
Minerals Gallery: investigates the properties of 10 minerals through animated three-dimensional images of the minerals and their molecular structures.
Study time the: 45 minutes
The Geological Field Trip: involves three virtual field visits to sites in south-west Britain. It introduces some basic geological field techniques, and investigates sedimentary rocks deposited in the permian and triassic periods, now exposed in coastal cliffs. Students can move around the settings and explore the rocks on a range of scales from the whole face to hand specimens.
Study time: 60 minutes
System requirements : PC only, Windows 3.X/95, minimum 486DX2/66MHz
Cost: £35.99 + VAT
A video collection in three parts: fluids; dynamic solutions; and entropy and the second law.
60 minutes 1995 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £85.00 + VAT
A video collection in three parts: chemistry; materials; and new bearings for old.
57 minutes 1995 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £85.00 + VAT
A video collection in four parts: metallic bonds; non-metallic bonds; the structure of polymers; and going through a phase.
92 minutes 1999 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £85.00 + VAT
A video collection in two parts: tensile and impact testing; and dislocation modelling.
52 minutes 1995 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £85.00 + VAT
In this, the last programme in the series, the team have their rations cut and are put on the spot: can they use their science skills to put some food on the table? And can they make the soap to wash up afterwards, the toothpaste to clean their teeth and a record player for some after dinner entertainment? Seaweed, tree bark and ground up seashells all play a starring role. But which are foods and which are toiletries?
29 minutes 2000 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £47.00 inc. VAT
The team is now settled in on the island and this programme's first challenge is to brighten the place up with a castaway flag, dyed with the natural colours of the island. Again, the island's plants seem a useful resource. But not everyone agrees on the best way to achieve this... Their next challenge is to make a compass. They decide to use electricity to magnetise a needle and use seawater to make the battery to generate the current to do it. The problem? Its never been tried before! Finally, a castaway camera and photograph is required. Taking inspiration from the early work of photographic pioneers like Fox Talbot, the team decides they need light sensitive paper and a makeshift camera. However, things don't quite go to plan.
29 minutes 2000 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £47.00 inc. VAT
To cope with life on the island - from mosquitoes to storms - is the challenge. A bacteria-busting cream from the island's plants is needed - and the scientists must prove it works with no animal testing. Growing bacteria from one of the scientist's spit, extracting oils from plants and building a microscope to check on progress, are all part of the test. They also build a weather station to detect storms.
30 minutes 2001 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £47.00 inc. VAT
The theme is heat and how to use a variety of scientific methods to measure it, adapt to it, and even to change it. Our scientists struggle with their new environment as they strive to stay cool. We see the team sweat and toil to make a miracle - produce an ice cube for a cool drink in the mid-day sun. By brain power and sheer hard work the main challenge is to transform a tiny region of a desert island into a winter wonderland. To check on the quest for ice, the team also have to make a thermometer. And if they can't keep out of the sun they'll have to keep the sun off their skin by producing some sunscreen.
30 minutes 2001 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £47.00 inc. VAT
Not for these scientists the simple expedient of sending a postcard to show where they have been. They have to develop the means to make a permanent record of the island - from the highest peak to the loudest sound. Sound recording involves producing a mechanical design similar to Edison's original recording device and making a loud noise to record. To make the map, the scientists have first to make instruments including a metre stick, protractor and even a telescope before 'measuring' the island and checking on local rock formations and the environment. They must make paper and ink from local, natural ingredients - which includes fashioning a quill pen from a bird's feather. Their efforts are compared with the 'real' map.
30 minutes 2001 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £47.00 inc. VAT
Harnessing the energy of the environment and using it to explore the ocean by night is the challenge. To help them the scientists are given an old car battery but it's not as straightforward as it may seem - the battery needs distilled water and recharging before it can be used to power the torch, which they also have to construct. The torch, too, presents a challenge - not least for the need to make waterproof glue to hold it all together.
30 minutes 2001 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £47.00 inc. VAT
Finally the scientists need to celebrate their success and how better than with a firework concert. All they need to do is make the fireworks and the musical instruments with which to accompany the firework display. The successful conclusion is spectacular, even if the musicians could use a little more band practice!
30 minutes 2001 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £47.00 inc. VAT
Presenter Kate Humble takes the Rough Scientists away from their epic quest for New Zealand gold this week, to set them one of the series' toughest challenges yet. The team must measure the speed and melt of the Franz Josef Glacier, an awesome seven miles of ice. In addition, the scientists have to keep themselves warm on the ice without lighting any fires, which involves building an ice lens, and generating chemical heat. With just a basic toolkit and the island's natural resources at their disposal, the team must draw on their pooled ingenuity and scientific knowledge to complete the tasks.
30 minutes 2002 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £47.00 inc. VAT
It's D-Day for the Rough Scientists who must build a furnace and bellows so they can try to smelt the gold they have collected. To turn their powdered gold flakes into a solid nugget they have to reach a white-hot 1062 degrees Celsius.
30 minutes 2002 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £47.00 inc. VAT
The Rough Scientists step up their search for gold. The deadline is looming for Kate Humble and the five 'Rough Scientists', who must find and extract enough gold to make a souvenir of their stay in New Zealand's south island. As the tension mounts, Kate Humble sets three tough challenges - to extract gold from rock and sand, to build an altimeter and to use it to find buried gold from a treasure map.
30 minutes 2002 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £47.00 inc. VAT
This CD-ROM contains a programme Measure, which simulates many aspects of measurement in quantum mechanics using wave packets of harmonic oscillator states and suite of quantum mechanics tutorials is also included. The tutorials range from those exploring the qualitative properties of the solutions of Schrödinger's equations for various kinds of wells, through to an exploration of moving free particle wavepackets interacting with wells and barriers.
CD-ROM 2001
Sysytem requirements: Windows 95, 98, NT, 2000 operating system. Screen resolution 800x600, High Color. A 450MHz processor or better; 64 Mb or more of memory (RAM), video card, 32x CD ROM drive.
Cost: £29.36 inc. VAT
A video pack containing the following programmes.
Determination and Statistics in Quantum Mechanics - looks at the ways in which quantum physics differs from Newtonian physics. It illustrates the determinism of Newton's laws of motion using the analogy of a snooker table. In addition, the statistical nature of quantum physics is illustrated as a prologue to later programmes.
Waves on Strings - One of the key aspects of quantum theory is the way microscopic particles are considered as being equivalent to probability waves in space. This programme shows simple travelling waves using a Vinecombe Machine. By reflection of these waves the effect of superposition of the waves is apparent and it shows the way standing wave patterns can be created when a sinusoidal wave is put into the system. The mathematical analogy of this is then expounded and the basis for Schrödinger's Equation established.
Stationary States - 'Stationary States' introduces students to the mathematics of solving the Schrödinger Equation. Students are shown how solutions of the equation are related to energy using a potential well model. This leads on to a discussion of what happens for a free particle and draws the discussion between bound and unbound solutions.
And Yet They Do Move - looks at particular solutions to the Schrödinger Equation for bound states. It starts from the uncertainty principle, that position and momentum cannot be known simultaneously to an arbitrary degree of accuracy for any given system. The analogy of taking photographs of a mass, vibrating on the end of a spring, is the starting-point for this discussion. The idea of linearity is shown via computer simulations and the significance of psi and mod psi-squared is emphasised.
Free Particle Motion - This programme is concerned with an analysis of free electrons travelling down an evacuated tube, and with time-independent solutions of the Schrödinger Equation. Starting from the contrast between e/m and electron diffraction tubes, the programme considers where the differences arise from. Using electronic fourier analysis it is shown how frequency analysis of complex wave forms can describe precisely the sort of travelling waves found in electron tubes. It is also shown what the special properties of a Gaussian distribution are.
Where is an Electron? - looks at single diffraction experiments, and their implications for our understanding of definitions of where exactly atomic and subatomic particles may be said to be within the formalism of quantum mechanics. Using a person-sized model of a slit, and a beachball to represent an electron, the first experiment demonstrates the idea of the slit as a preparer of identical quantum states. Using a series of wave function templates the programme then shows what happens to the wave packet which represents the electron.
Ghostly Action at a Distance - describes the idea that the mysteries of quantum mechanics begin not with the behaviour and description of one-particle systems, but with two- particle systems. It explains the idea of polarisation of photons, and the meaning of making a measurement on to the photon system in terms of eigenstates and observables. This leads to a consideration of two-particle systems, and predictions of action at a distance made by quantum mechanics. The programme also looks at the definitive experiments by Alain Aspect and his co-workers in Orsay, (France) in the 1980's to test the theoretical predictions of John Bell in the 1960's.
?? miniutes1987 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £452.38 inc. VAT
The foundation of the Royal Society is the starting point in this video and the nature of the scientific community within which it functioned is considered.
24 minutes PAL VHS tape 1993
Cost: £170.38 inc. VAT
Filmed in Saxony, this programme investigates the development of the scientific ideas of Abraham Gottlob Werner, a founder of the modern science of geology. The programme has two themes: the influence of a particular local context on the development of a specific scientific idea; and the relationship between technology (mining) and science (geology) in the context of the Saxon Mining Service and the Freiburg Mining Academy.
24 minutes PAL VHS tape 1993
Cost: £170.38inc. VAT
A discussion about the different explanations given for the existence of fire and air from Aristotle and George Ernst Stahl's theory of phlogiston, before concentrating in greater detail on the dramatic events that affected those pneumatic chemists who contributed to Lavosier's discovery of oxygen. The works of Joseph Priestley and Carl Wilhelm Scheele are discussed.
24 minutes PAL VHS tape 1993
Cost: £170.38inc. VAT
This programme explores the role of Don Tomalia as a Chemist and his discovery of dendrimers. Given a chemistry set as a boy, Don tomalia developed a career at the Dow Chemicals Company where he discovered dendrimers. For years the discovery was shunned by the Chemical community, until with some luck, Don Tomalia was able to prove that dendrimers can contribute to combating cancer and other fatal diseases.
30 minutes 2001 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145 + VAT
Dr Paul Baker (University of Wales Bangor) introduces this collection of advanced preparative techniques.
Production of [Mo(CO)3(NCMe)3] (i) demonstration of air sensitivity of [Mo(CO)3(NCMe)3] (ii) description of vacuum Schlenk line including nitrogen supply, vacuum pump and associated liquid nitrogen traps (iii) vacuum line is attached to a stirrer reflux system containing Mo(CO)6 and acetonitrile. Nitrogen is bubbled through to remove any traces of oxygen (iv) the solution is stirred and heated for 24hrs to complete reaction (v) solution is cooled to precipitate out complex
Production of [MoI2(CO)3(NCMe)2] (i) the reaction flask is placed in an ice bath as reaction is expected to be vigorous (ii) the condenser is removed from the centre socket wiping off grease and iodine is added. (iii) solvent is removed under reduced pressure (iv) drying is completed by place flask in warm water bath and last traces removed under high vacuum for several hours
Formula determination of [MoI2(CO)3(NCMe)2] (i) tin sample boat tared to zero on Cahn balance (ii) approximately 2mg is added to the boat which is then folded and reweighed (iii) the unknown samples and a known standard are combusted and C,H, and N are determined. Results shown as graph print out. (iv) short discussion of molecular geometry of [MoI2(CO)3(NCMe)2] complex using stick and computer models
Production of [WI2(CO)3(NCMe)(SbPh3)] (i) air is removed from dichloromethane (DCM) in a Schlenk tube by freeze degassing (ii) an empty Schlenk tube is filled and refilled on the vac line several times to remove oxygen (iii) [WI2(CO)3(NCMe)2] is placed in the empty Schlenk tube along with de - gassed DCM transferred using a syringe previously flushed with nitrogen. All done under nitrogen. (iv) addition of triphenylstilbene to tube rinsing down with DCM (v) Kieselguhr addition followed by the products of the reaction, transferred by syringe, are placed in the filtration apparatus and the tube pumped to filter mix (vi) solvent removed by pumping and warm water bath
Structure determination of [WI2(CO)3(NCMe)(SbPh3)] by comparison of the number of methyl and phenyl hydrogens (i) sample purification by recrystallisation using dichloromethane (ii) analysis by NMR: deuterotrichloromethane as solvent and tetramethylsilane as internal standard are added to the crystals; the solution is filtered under nitrogen through a dropping pipette filter suspended in an nmr tube placed in salt in a Schlenk tube; and any remaining traces of oxygen are removed by filling and refilling the Schlenk tube with nitrogen (iii)1H nmr of the solution is taken (fairly detailed) confirming proposed structure as [WI2(CO)3(NCMe)(SbPh3)
Pr oduction of [WI2(CO)3(SbPh3)(PCy(hex yl) Ph2)] (i) [WI2(CO)3(NCMe)2] is dissolved in de - gassed dichloromethane, SbPh3 then cyclohexyldiphenyl phosphine in equimolar amounts are added and reacted for 30 minutes (ii) purification yields yellow crystals produced after 1 month in a freezer (iii) nitrogen glove box used to fill an x-ray diffraction tube followed by x - ray diffractometer. New structure found to be [Cy(hexyl)Ph3P] + [WI3(CO)3(SbPh3)] -
Production of [WI2(CO)(NCMe)( 2 - MeC2 Me)2] [WI2(CO)3(NCMe)2 is reacted with but -2 -yne by: (i) rapid de -gassing of dichloromethane by back passing nitrogen through a large sinter funnel (ii) dichloromethane added to 4g of [WI2(CO)3(NCMe)2] in flask under nitrogen (iii) 3cm3 of but -2 -yne is added using a cold syringe to the flask and contents left to react for 24hrs (iv) contents of flask transferred in to filtration apparatus containing Kieselguhr, using a right angled transfer tube under nitrogen (v) the solution is reduced to minimum volume, a small amount of degassed diethyl ether is added and upon cooling crystals are produced, the supernatant liquid is then removed
Structure of [WI2(CO)(NCMe)( 2 - MeC2 Me)2] (i) microscopic shots of [WI2(CO)(NCMe)( 2 - MeC2 Me)2] crystals following a short discussion over choice of crystal shape for x-ray crystallography (ii) microscopic shots of oxidised [WI2(CO)(NCMe)( 2 - MeC2 Me)2] crystal surface (iii) thin film Fourier transform IR of [WI2(CO)(NCMe)( 2 - MeC2 Me)2] in trichloromethane
Production of [WI2(CO)(dppm)( 2 - MeC2 Me)2] (i) bis diphenylphosphinomethane (dppm) is added to [WI2(CO)(NCMe)( 2 - MeC2 Me)2] in degassed DCM (ii) following standard work up crystals of [WI2(CO)(dppm)( 2 - MeC2 Me)2] are produced
Discussion of steric effects of Butyl group on1H nmr of [WI2(CO)(dppm)( 2 - MeC2 Me)2] at successively lower temperatures - computer animation and nmr output Short reaction of tin (IV) chloride with [Mo(CO)3(NCMe)3] to form a molybdenum - tin bond.
57 minutes. 1989. PAL VHS tape
Cost: £85.00 + VAT
The first challenges in this series are heavily focused on the "exploration" theme. Jonathan's challenge is to make a rover; a remote-controlled vehicle that could explore strange new worlds. For Jonathan's ultimate test, we subject his rover to a NASA style experiment in the desert.
Iain and Ellen then have to use their geological and botanical skills to search for water in the desert. Once this is done, Kathy and Mike are going to have to find a way of purifying it to make it safe for drinking - an essential component for any mission into deep space.
Watch the team in action pitting their improvisational science skills against these space related challenges.
For more information see www.open2.net/roughscience4
30 minutes 2003 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
In this programme, Kathy and Jonathan have to go one better than the Mars Rover in programme one and design an aerial surveyor that can explore much greater areas by floating above land. They have been given a tiny camera which will record whatever the aerial surveyor sees. They make a solar balloon, heated by the power of the sun.
Mike has a very different challenge. In 1970 the crew of Apollo XIII faced certain death when an accident damaged their oxygen tanks. To survive they had to build a carbon dioxide filter and Mike has to do the same.
Ellen and Iain have to work out the magnitude and where the epicentre of the 1872 Californian earthquake was.
For more information see www.open2.net/roughscience4
30 minutes 2003 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
The final set of Rough Science space challenges are all about rockets. Mike, Jonathan and Kathy have to make three different rockets, using water as fuel. They also have to design their rockets to carry a raw egg as a "passenger". Mike takes a chemical approach, using electrolysis to split water into hydrogen and oxygen gases then recombining them to form an explosive mixture. Jonathan, with his physics background builds a steam powered rocket and Kathy, also a physicist decides to use pressurised water. The scientists compete to see who can get to the launch pad first, and whose rocket will be the most effective.
Meanwhile Ellen and Iain have to find a way of putting an egg into each rocket and returning them safely back to earth.
For m0re information check out www.open2.net/roughscience
30 minutes 2003 PAL VHS tape
Cost: £145.00 + VAT
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