Issue 7, 2002

Substitution reactions of [Pt(dien)Cl]+, [Pt(dien)(GSMe)]2+, cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] and cis-[Pt(NH3)2(GSMe)2]2+ (GSMe = S-methylglutathione) with some sulfur-bonding chemoprotective agents

Abstract

Sulfur-containing compounds are used as rescue agents to protect normal tissue from the toxic side effects of cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] (cisplatin) without affecting its anti-tumour activity. Reactions of the model complexes [Pt(dien)Cl]+ (1) and [Pt(dien)(GSMe)]2+ (2) (GSMe = S-methylglutathione) with the rescue agents glutathione (GSH), thiourea, thiosulfate, and diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) have been studied in a 1.0 mol dm−3 aqueous perchlorate medium at 37 °C and pH 7.30 using stopped-flow and conventional UV/VIS spectrophotometry. The reactions of 1 with 2-mercaptoethanesulfonate (mesna) and 2-mercaptoethylamine (cysteamine), which is the parent compound of 2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethylphosphorothioic acid (WR2721), and of cis-[Pt(NH3)2(GSMe)2]2+ with thiosulfate have also been studied. The reactions between cisplatin and DDTC, thiourea and thiosulfate were investigated in an unbuffered 0.10–0.05 mol dm−3 chloride medium at 37 °C. All reactions follow the rate law: −d[complex]/dt = k2[Pt(II)][Nu] where k2 denotes a second-order rate constant and [Nu] is the total concentration of nucleophile. The rate law indicates that the reactions proceed via a direct nucleophilic substitution pathway. The rescue agents display a relatively narrow range of reactivity towards 1, mesna < Hcysteamine < GSH < thiourea < thiosulfate < DDTC with rate constants k2 of 0.156 ± 0.001, 0.22 ± 0.01, 0.237 ± 0.003, 1.17 ± 0.01, 5.57 ± 0.04, and 8.0 ± 0.1 mol−1 dm3 s−1, respectively. The sequence is consistent with the report that DDTC is the most effective rescue agent discovered so far when administered after cisplatin. The activation parameters ΔH and ΔS have been determined and the products of the reaction of 1 with the rescue agents have been characterised.

Graphical abstract: Substitution reactions of [Pt(dien)Cl]+, [Pt(dien)(GSMe)]2+, cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] and cis-[Pt(NH3)2(GSMe)2]2+ (GSMe = S-methylglutathione) with some sulfur-bonding chemoprotective agents

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
06 Nov 2001
Accepted
23 Jan 2002
First published
13 Mar 2002

J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 2002, 1281-1286

Substitution reactions of [Pt(dien)Cl]+, [Pt(dien)(GSMe)]2+, cis-[PtCl2(NH3)2] and cis-[Pt(NH3)2(GSMe)2]2+ (GSMe = S-methylglutathione) with some sulfur-bonding chemoprotective agents

K. Lemma, S. K. C. Elmroth and L. I. Elding, J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 2002, 1281 DOI: 10.1039/B110138M

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