Issue 27, 2006

Model studies of the CuB site of cytochrome c oxidase utilizing a Zn(ii) complex containing an imidazole–phenol cross-linked ligand

Abstract

Cytochrome c oxidase, the enzyme complex responsible for the four-electron reduction of O2 to H2O, contains an unusual histidine–tyrosine cross-link in its bimetallic heme a3-CuB active site. We have synthesised an unhindered, tripodal chelating ligand, BPAIP, containing the unusual ortho-imidazole–phenol linkage, which mimics the coordination environment of the CuB center. The ligand was used to investigate the physicochemical (pKa, oxidation potential) and coordination properties of the imidazole–phenol linkage when bound to a dication. Zn(II) coordination lowers the pKa of the phenol by ∼0.6 log units, and increases the potential of the phenolate/phenoxyl radical couple by approximately 50 mV. These results are consistent with inductive withdrawal of electron density from the phenolic ring. Spectroscopic data and theoretical calculations (DFT) were used to establish that the cationic complex [Zn(BPAIP)Br]+ has an axially distorted trigonal bipyramidal structure, with three coordinating nitrogen ligands (two pyridine and one imidazole) occupying the equatorial plane and the bromide and the tertiary amine nitrogen of the tripod in the axial positions. Interestingly, the Zn–Namine bonding interaction is weak or absent in [Zn(BPAIP)Br]+ and the complex gains stability in basic solutions, as indicated by 1H NMR spectroscopy. These observations are supported by theoretical calculations (DFT), which suggest that the electron-donating capacity of the equatorial imidazole ligand can be varied by modulation of the protonation and/or redox state of the cross-linked phenol. Deprotonation of the phenol makes the equatorial imidazole a stronger σ-donor, resulting in an increased Zn–Nimd interaction and thereby leading to distortion of the axial ligand axis toward a more tetrahedral geometry.

Graphical abstract: Model studies of the CuB site of cytochrome c oxidase utilizing a Zn(ii) complex containing an imidazole–phenol cross-linked ligand

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
14 Nov 2005
Accepted
29 Mar 2006
First published
20 Apr 2006

Dalton Trans., 2006, 3326-3337

Model studies of the CuB site of cytochrome c oxidase utilizing a Zn(II) complex containing an imidazole–phenol cross-linked ligand

R. P. Pesavento, D. A. Pratt, J. Jeffers and W. A. van der Donk, Dalton Trans., 2006, 3326 DOI: 10.1039/B516090A

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