Issue 6, 2006
From the journal:

Lab on a Chip

Disposable integrated microfluidic biochip for blood typing by plastic microinjection moulding†

Dong Sung Kim,ab   Se Hwan Lee,c   Chong H. Ahn,c   Jae Y. Leed  and  Tai Hun Kwon*ab  

* Corresponding authors

a Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31 Hyoja-dong Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Korea
E-mail: thkwon@postech.ac.kr
Fax: 82 54 2795899
Tel: 82 54 2792175

b Research Center for Micro Mechanical Systems, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), San 31 Hyoja-dong Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Korea

c MicroSystems and BioMEMS Laboratory, Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science, University of Cincinnati, P.O. Box 210030, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0030, USA

d College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, USA

Abstract

Blood typing is the most important test for both transfusion recipients and blood donors. In this paper, a low cost disposable blood typing integrated microfluidic biochip has been designed, fabricated and characterized. In the biochip, flow splitting microchannels, chaotic micromixers, reaction microchambers and detection microfilters are fully integrated. The loaded sample blood can be divided by 2 or 4 equal volumes through the flow splitting microchannel so that one can perform 2 or 4 blood agglutination tests in parallel. For the purpose of obtaining efficient reaction of agglutinogens on red blood cells (RBCs) and agglutinins in serum, we incorporated a serpentine laminating micromixer into the biochip, which combines two chaotic mixing mechanisms of splitting/recombination and chaotic advection. Relatively large area reaction microchambers were also introduced for the sake of keeping the mixture of the sample blood and serum during the reaction time before filtering. The gradually decreasing multi-step detection microfilters were designed in order to effectively filter the reacted agglutinated RBCs, which show the corresponding blood group. To achieve the cost-effectiveness of the microfluidic biochip for disposability, the biochip was realized by the microinjection moulding of COC (cyclic olefin copolymer) and thermal bonding of two injection moulded COC substrates in mass production with a total fabrication time of less than 20 min. Mould inserts of the biochip for the microinjection moulding were fabricated by SU-8 photolithography and the subsequent nickel electroplating process. Human blood groups of A, B and AB have been successfully determined with the naked eye, with 3 µl of the whole sample bloods, by means of the fabricated biochip within 3 min.

Graphical abstract: Disposable integrated microfluidic biochip for blood typing by plastic microinjection moulding

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Article information

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1039/B516495H
Article type
Paper
Submitted
23 Nov 2005
Accepted
24 Mar 2006
First published
04 Apr 2006

Lab Chip, 2006,6, 794-802

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Disposable integrated microfluidic biochip for blood typing by plastic microinjection moulding

D. S. Kim, S. H. Lee, C. H. Ahn, J. Y. Lee and T. H. Kwon, Lab Chip, 2006, 6, 794 DOI: 10.1039/B516495H

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