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Paper
Org. Biomol. Chem., 2008, 6, 2861 - 2867, DOI: 10.1039/b805956j
Exploring the substrate specificity of OxyB, a phenol coupling P450 enzyme involved in vancomycin biosynthesis
Katharina Woithe, Nina Geib, Odile Meyer, Tanja Wörtz, Katja Zerbe and John A. Robinson
OxyB is a cytochrome P450 enzyme that catalyzes the first oxidative phenol coupling reaction during vancomycin biosynthesis. The preferred substrate is a linear peptide linked as a C-terminal thioester to a peptide carrier protein (PCP) domain of the glycopeptide antibiotic non-ribosomal peptide synthetase. Previous studies have shown that OxyB can efficiently oxidize a model hexapeptide–PCP conjugate (R-Leu1-R-Tyr2-S-Asn3-R-Hpg4-R-Hpg5-S-Tyr6-S-PCP) (Hpg = 4-hydroxyphenylglycine) into a macrocyclic product by phenolic coupling of the aromatic rings in residues-4 and -6. In this work, the substrate specificity of OxyB has been explored using a series of N-terminally truncated peptides related in sequence to this model hexapeptide–PCP conjugate. Deletion of one or three residues from the N-terminus afforded a penta- (Ac-Tyr-Asn-Hpg-Hpg-Tyr-S-PCP) and a tri- (Ac-Hpg-Hpg-Tyr-S-PCP) peptide that were also efficiently transformed into the corresponding macrocyclic cross-linked product by OxyB. The tripeptide, representing the core of the macrocycle in vancomycin created by OxyB, is thus sufficient, as a thioester with the PCP domain, for phenol coupling to occur. The related tetrapeptide–PCP thioester was not cyclized by OxyB, neither was a related model hexapeptide containing tryptophan in place of tyrosine-6, nor were tripeptides (related to the natural product K-13) with the sequence Ac-Tyr-Tyr-Tyr-S-PCP cross-linked by OxyB.
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