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Caption : sintering temperature ramp for the 0.25 cm<sup>2</sup> working electrodes. when films are heat-treated prior to dye loading, the process is halted at 120 °c.

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Caption : (a) mixture 1:1 solaronix amosil 4r [bisphenol-a-(epichlorhydrin) epoxy resin] and 4h (2,2’-iminodiethylamine). (b) electrode and counter electrode pressed against each other. (c) using paper clamps to keep together the electrodes, the epoxy glue is applied on the edges where the two electrodes meet. (d) and (e) once the epoxy glue is applied, the cell is kept under the pressure of two paper clamps and they are put inside a desiccator in the dark and the epoxy resin cures overnight. (f) the cells are filled with the electrolytic solution and sealed.

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Caption : general equivalent circuit model used to fit impedance spectroscopy results for (a) surlyn cells and epoxy-zro<sub>2</sub> cells and (b) epoxy-tio<sub>2</sub> cells.

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Caption : (a) cyclic voltammogram of 5 mm cu(dmp)<sub>2</sub>tfsi in 0.1 m tbapf<sub>6</sub> solution in acetonitrile. the cyclic voltammogram for fc/fc+ (0.63 vs nhe) was used to calibrate the reference electrode potential before the experiments and is also presented in the figure. in (b) the rde measurements at different angular velocities are plotted. the inset in (b) shows the linear dependence of the limiting current and the angular velocity.

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Caption : calibration curve in dye desorption measurements. the values of absorbance were obtained at a wavelength of 480.75 nm.

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Caption : (a) reverse bias measurements for the different cell configurations. (b) reverse bias measurements for the epoxy–tio<sub>2</sub> cells with different mesoporous layer thicknesses.

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Caption : representation of shunted and non-shunted epoxy-tio<sub>2</sub> cells.