# Supplementary Material (ESI) for Chemical Communications # This journal is (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry 2007 data_global _journal_coden_Cambridge 182 loop_ _publ_author_name 'Hongzhe Sun' 'Bo-Jian Zheng' 'Jian-Dong Huang' 'Julian A. Tanner' 'Zai Wang' 'Nan Yang' _publ_contact_author_name 'Hongzhe Sun' _publ_contact_author_address ; Department of Chemistry University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road Hong Kong N/A CHINA ; _publ_contact_author_email HSUN@HKUCC.HKU.HK _publ_requested_journal 'Chemical Communications' _publ_section_title ; Inhibition of SARS coronavirus helicase by bismuth complexes ; data_mar1177a _database_code_depnum_ccdc_archive 'CCDC 654367' _audit_creation_method SHELXL-97 _chemical_name_systematic ; ? ; _chemical_name_common ? _chemical_melting_point ? _chemical_formula_moiety 'C56 H56 Bi N5 O17' _chemical_formula_sum 'C56 H56 Bi N5 O17' _chemical_formula_weight 1280.04 loop_ _atom_type_symbol _atom_type_description _atom_type_scat_dispersion_real _atom_type_scat_dispersion_imag _atom_type_scat_source C C 0.0033 0.0016 'International Tables Vol C Tables 4.2.6.8 and 6.1.1.4' H H 0.0000 0.0000 'International Tables Vol C Tables 4.2.6.8 and 6.1.1.4' Bi Bi -4.1077 10.2566 'International Tables Vol C Tables 4.2.6.8 and 6.1.1.4' N N 0.0061 0.0033 'International Tables Vol C Tables 4.2.6.8 and 6.1.1.4' O O 0.0106 0.0060 'International Tables Vol C Tables 4.2.6.8 and 6.1.1.4' _symmetry_cell_setting triclinic _symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'P -1' loop_ _symmetry_equiv_pos_as_xyz 'x, y, z' '-x, -y, -z' _cell_length_a 7.7150(15) _cell_length_b 13.208(3) _cell_length_c 14.116(3) _cell_angle_alpha 92.43(3) _cell_angle_beta 100.95(3) _cell_angle_gamma 92.84(3) _cell_volume 1408.5(5) _cell_formula_units_Z 1 _cell_measurement_temperature 253(2) _cell_measurement_reflns_used 0 _cell_measurement_theta_min 0 _cell_measurement_theta_max 0 _exptl_crystal_description prism _exptl_crystal_colour 'dark green' _exptl_crystal_size_max 0.5 _exptl_crystal_size_mid 0.13 _exptl_crystal_size_min 0.06 _exptl_crystal_density_meas ? _exptl_crystal_density_diffrn 1.509 _exptl_crystal_density_method 'not measured' _exptl_crystal_F_000 646 _exptl_absorpt_coefficient_mu 3.204 _exptl_absorpt_correction_type none _exptl_absorpt_correction_T_min ? _exptl_absorpt_correction_T_max ? _exptl_absorpt_process_details ? _exptl_special_details ; ? ; _diffrn_ambient_temperature 253(2) _diffrn_radiation_wavelength 0.71073 _diffrn_radiation_type MoK\a _diffrn_radiation_source 'fine-focus sealed tube' _diffrn_radiation_monochromator graphite _diffrn_measurement_device_type ? _diffrn_measurement_method ? _diffrn_detector_area_resol_mean ? _diffrn_standards_number ? _diffrn_standards_interval_count ? _diffrn_standards_interval_time ? _diffrn_standards_decay_% ? _diffrn_reflns_number 3791 _diffrn_reflns_av_R_equivalents 0.0452 _diffrn_reflns_av_sigmaI/netI 0.1548 _diffrn_reflns_limit_h_min -7 _diffrn_reflns_limit_h_max 7 _diffrn_reflns_limit_k_min -14 _diffrn_reflns_limit_k_max 14 _diffrn_reflns_limit_l_min -15 _diffrn_reflns_limit_l_max 15 _diffrn_reflns_theta_min 1.47 _diffrn_reflns_theta_max 24.65 _reflns_number_total 2648 _reflns_number_gt 1629 _reflns_threshold_expression >2sigma(I) _computing_data_collection ? _computing_cell_refinement ? _computing_data_reduction ? _computing_structure_solution 'SHELXS-97 (Sheldrick, 1997)' _computing_structure_refinement 'SHELXL-97 (Sheldrick, 1997)' _computing_molecular_graphics 'Ortep-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997)' _computing_publication_material 'WinGX publication routines (Farrugia, 1999)' _refine_special_details ; Refinement of F^2^ against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F^2^, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F^2^. The threshold expression of F^2^ > 2sigma(F^2^) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F^2^ are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. ; _refine_ls_structure_factor_coef Fsqd _refine_ls_matrix_type full _refine_ls_weighting_scheme calc _refine_ls_weighting_details 'calc w=1/[\s^2^(Fo^2^)+(0.1420P)^2^+0.0000P] where P=(Fo^2^+2Fc^2^)/3' _atom_sites_solution_primary direct _atom_sites_solution_secondary difmap _atom_sites_solution_hydrogens geom _refine_ls_hydrogen_treatment mixed _refine_ls_extinction_method none _refine_ls_extinction_coef ? _refine_ls_number_reflns 2648 _refine_ls_number_parameters 332 _refine_ls_number_restraints 7 _refine_ls_R_factor_all 0.1113 _refine_ls_R_factor_gt 0.0765 _refine_ls_wR_factor_ref 0.2509 _refine_ls_wR_factor_gt 0.2175 _refine_ls_goodness_of_fit_ref 1.073 _refine_ls_restrained_S_all 1.079 _refine_ls_shift/su_max 0.001 _refine_ls_shift/su_mean 0.000 loop_ _atom_site_label _atom_site_type_symbol _atom_site_fract_x _atom_site_fract_y _atom_site_fract_z _atom_site_U_iso_or_equiv _atom_site_adp_type _atom_site_occupancy _atom_site_symmetry_multiplicity _atom_site_calc_flag _atom_site_refinement_flags _atom_site_disorder_assembly _atom_site_disorder_group C1 C -0.101(2) 0.9998(11) 0.7787(10) 0.029(4) Uani 1 1 d . . . C2 C -0.079(2) 1.0605(11) 0.7002(11) 0.036(5) Uani 1 1 d . . . H2 H -0.1166 1.0421 0.6349 0.043 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C3 C 0.007(2) 1.1495(11) 0.7371(10) 0.034(4) Uani 1 1 d . . . H3 H 0.0417 1.2021 0.7016 0.040 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C4 C 0.036(2) 1.1486(10) 0.8386(11) 0.038(5) Uani 1 1 d . . . C5 C 0.123(2) 1.2259(10) 0.9046(10) 0.030(4) Uani 1 1 d . . . C6 C 0.158(2) 1.2200(11) 1.0079(11) 0.033(4) Uani 1 1 d . . . C7 C 0.239(2) 1.3007(10) 1.0731(10) 0.039(5) Uani 1 1 d . . . H7 H 0.2739 1.3654 1.0578 0.046 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C8 C 0.255(2) 1.2645(10) 1.1622(11) 0.035(5) Uani 1 1 d . . . H8 H 0.3038 1.3009 1.2196 0.042 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C9 C 0.184(2) 1.1616(11) 1.1549(10) 0.032(4) Uani 1 1 d . . . C10 C 0.171(2) 1.0977(10) 1.2294(9) 0.025(4) Uani 1 1 d . . . C11 C 0.1990(16) 1.3179(6) 0.8660(7) 0.036(5) Uani 1 1 d G . . C12 C 0.0868(12) 1.3762(8) 0.8044(7) 0.035(5) Uani 1 1 d G . . H12 H -0.0345 1.3604 0.7917 0.042 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C13 C 0.1559(15) 1.4579(7) 0.7618(6) 0.039(5) Uani 1 1 d G . . C14 C 0.3372(16) 1.4815(6) 0.7808(7) 0.042(5) Uani 1 1 d G . . C15 C 0.4494(12) 1.4233(8) 0.8424(8) 0.035(4) Uani 1 1 d G . . C16 C 0.3803(15) 1.3415(7) 0.8850(6) 0.034(5) Uani 1 1 d G . . H16 H 0.4553 1.3026 0.9262 0.041 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C17 C -0.126(3) 1.5127(13) 0.6927(13) 0.062(6) Uani 1 1 d . . . H17A H -0.1795 1.5605 0.6483 0.094 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . H17B H -0.1555 1.5265 0.7549 0.094 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . H17C H -0.1693 1.4451 0.6693 0.094 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C18 C 0.412(2) 1.5414(13) 0.6395(12) 0.059(6) Uani 1 1 d . . . H18A H 0.4650 1.5997 0.6153 0.088 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . H18B H 0.2920 1.5293 0.6050 0.088 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . H18C H 0.4774 1.4832 0.6305 0.088 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C19 C 0.727(3) 1.4149(15) 0.9386(15) 0.072(7) Uani 1 1 d . . . H19A H 0.8473 1.4408 0.9440 0.108 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . H19B H 0.7220 1.3421 0.9320 0.108 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . H19C H 0.6844 1.4357 0.9955 0.108 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C20 C 0.2669(14) 1.1380(7) 1.3288(5) 0.034(5) Uani 1 1 d G . . C21 C 0.1878(11) 1.2044(7) 1.3843(7) 0.031(4) Uani 1 1 d G . . H21 H 0.0719 1.2213 1.3624 0.037 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C22 C 0.2819(15) 1.2456(6) 1.4724(6) 0.030(4) Uani 1 1 d G . . C23 C 0.4550(15) 1.2204(7) 1.5051(5) 0.032(4) Uani 1 1 d G . . C24 C 0.5342(11) 1.1540(7) 1.4496(7) 0.028(4) Uani 1 1 d G . . C25 C 0.4401(14) 1.1128(6) 1.3615(6) 0.034(5) Uani 1 1 d G . . H25 H 0.4931 1.0684 1.3243 0.040 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C26 C 0.042(3) 1.3279(12) 1.5109(12) 0.056(6) Uani 1 1 d . . . H26A H 0.0155 1.3758 1.5585 0.084 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . H26B H -0.0255 1.2652 1.5122 0.084 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . H26C H 0.0124 1.3546 1.4481 0.084 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C27 C 0.522(3) 1.2208(14) 1.6719(11) 0.071(7) Uani 1 1 d . . . H27A H 0.5946 1.2567 1.7270 0.106 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . H27B H 0.5510 1.1510 1.6704 0.106 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . H27C H 0.3997 1.2246 1.6761 0.106 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . C28 C 0.777(2) 1.0633(15) 1.4315(14) 0.068(6) Uani 1 1 d . . . H28A H 0.8961 1.0542 1.4636 0.103 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . H28B H 0.7778 1.0875 1.3684 0.103 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . H28C H 0.7091 0.9997 1.4256 0.103 Uiso 1 1 calc R . . Bi1 Bi 0.1600(2) 0.97079(10) 0.99074(10) 0.0489(7) Uani 0.50 1 d P . . N1 N -0.0296(18) 1.0564(9) 0.8613(8) 0.039(4) Uani 1 1 d . . . N2 N 0.1212(19) 1.1392(8) 1.0580(8) 0.044(4) Uani 1 1 d . . . O1 O 0.0545(18) 1.5213(8) 0.7007(8) 0.041(3) Uani 1 1 d . . . O2 O 0.4120(16) 1.5594(8) 0.7389(8) 0.052(3) Uani 1 1 d . . . O3 O 0.6239(16) 1.4521(8) 0.8589(8) 0.047(3) Uani 1 1 d . . . O4 O 0.2166(18) 1.3113(9) 1.5308(8) 0.049(3) Uani 1 1 d . . . O5 O 0.5522(15) 1.2653(8) 1.5862(8) 0.049(3) Uani 1 1 d . . . O6 O 0.7014(17) 1.1341(8) 1.4853(8) 0.048(3) Uani 1 1 d . . . O7 O 0.5177(16) 0.9577(10) 1.1192(8) 0.062(4) Uani 1 1 d . . . N3 N 0.246(4) 0.782(2) 0.815(2) 0.177(10) Uiso 0.50 1 d PD . . O8 O 0.221(6) 0.754(3) 0.736(2) 0.177(10) Uiso 0.50 1 d PD . . O9 O 0.259(6) 0.869(2) 0.833(3) 0.177(10) Uiso 0.50 1 d PD . . O10 O 0.253(6) 0.730(3) 0.875(2) 0.177(10) Uiso 0.50 1 d PD . . loop_ _atom_site_aniso_label _atom_site_aniso_U_11 _atom_site_aniso_U_22 _atom_site_aniso_U_33 _atom_site_aniso_U_23 _atom_site_aniso_U_13 _atom_site_aniso_U_12 C1 0.030(12) 0.029(9) 0.023(9) 0.002(7) -0.007(8) -0.003(8) C2 0.049(14) 0.037(10) 0.020(9) -0.005(8) 0.005(8) 0.003(9) C3 0.051(13) 0.028(9) 0.022(10) 0.006(7) 0.005(8) 0.006(9) C4 0.059(14) 0.017(9) 0.036(11) 0.001(7) 0.005(9) -0.004(8) C5 0.034(12) 0.025(9) 0.031(10) -0.005(7) 0.007(8) -0.003(8) C6 0.039(13) 0.028(9) 0.028(10) -0.008(8) 0.004(8) -0.004(8) C7 0.077(15) 0.018(8) 0.019(10) -0.007(7) 0.013(9) -0.016(8) C8 0.053(14) 0.024(9) 0.028(10) -0.017(7) 0.013(9) -0.013(8) C9 0.042(12) 0.038(10) 0.010(9) -0.008(7) -0.001(8) -0.004(8) C10 0.033(12) 0.032(9) 0.005(8) -0.004(7) -0.010(7) -0.005(8) C11 0.078(17) 0.014(8) 0.015(9) 0.005(7) 0.008(9) 0.000(10) C12 0.038(13) 0.032(10) 0.037(10) -0.005(8) 0.019(9) -0.019(9) C13 0.056(16) 0.024(10) 0.034(11) -0.014(8) 0.006(10) -0.006(10) C14 0.080(18) 0.022(9) 0.025(10) -0.003(8) 0.014(11) -0.002(11) C15 0.035(14) 0.042(11) 0.028(10) -0.004(8) 0.004(9) 0.007(10) C16 0.039(15) 0.027(9) 0.036(10) -0.001(8) 0.008(9) -0.008(9) C17 0.08(2) 0.056(13) 0.065(14) 0.029(10) 0.030(13) 0.041(12) C18 0.064(16) 0.067(13) 0.050(13) 0.028(10) 0.022(11) -0.016(11) C19 0.073(18) 0.068(14) 0.076(16) -0.022(12) 0.028(14) -0.015(13) C20 0.062(15) 0.018(8) 0.020(9) -0.002(7) 0.010(10) -0.009(9) C21 0.033(12) 0.031(9) 0.030(10) 0.000(8) 0.004(9) 0.002(8) C22 0.051(14) 0.023(9) 0.017(9) -0.005(7) 0.007(9) 0.005(9) C23 0.051(15) 0.026(9) 0.014(9) -0.007(7) -0.002(9) -0.003(9) C24 0.014(13) 0.032(9) 0.032(11) 0.007(8) -0.011(9) -0.001(8) C25 0.053(15) 0.031(9) 0.014(9) -0.006(7) -0.002(9) 0.011(9) C26 0.09(2) 0.042(11) 0.044(12) -0.005(9) 0.023(12) 0.011(11) C27 0.096(19) 0.092(15) 0.013(10) -0.026(10) -0.012(11) 0.008(13) C28 0.035(15) 0.102(17) 0.061(14) 0.010(13) -0.009(11) 0.005(12) Bi1 0.0746(15) 0.0353(8) 0.0339(9) -0.0028(6) 0.0069(7) -0.0059(7) N1 0.068(12) 0.029(8) 0.012(7) 0.004(6) -0.009(7) -0.016(7) N2 0.084(13) 0.018(7) 0.023(8) 0.005(6) 0.000(7) -0.023(7) O1 0.036(10) 0.037(7) 0.051(8) 0.014(6) 0.013(7) 0.006(6) O2 0.072(10) 0.036(7) 0.048(8) 0.007(6) 0.017(7) -0.017(6) O3 0.037(10) 0.065(8) 0.035(7) 0.007(6) -0.003(6) -0.008(7) O4 0.037(10) 0.062(8) 0.040(8) -0.019(6) -0.009(6) 0.020(7) O5 0.055(9) 0.054(7) 0.029(7) -0.007(6) -0.011(6) 0.003(6) O6 0.046(10) 0.065(8) 0.032(7) -0.019(6) 0.004(7) 0.019(7) O7 0.052(10) 0.097(10) 0.053(8) 0.034(7) 0.033(7) 0.039(8) _geom_special_details ; All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. ; loop_ _geom_bond_atom_site_label_1 _geom_bond_atom_site_label_2 _geom_bond_distance _geom_bond_site_symmetry_2 _geom_bond_publ_flag C1 C10 1.364(18) 2_577 ? C1 N1 1.365(17) . ? C1 C2 1.427(19) . ? C2 C3 1.354(19) . ? C3 C4 1.41(2) . ? C4 N1 1.368(17) . ? C4 C5 1.407(19) . ? C5 C6 1.44(2) . ? C5 C11 1.491(15) . ? C6 N2 1.353(18) . ? C6 C7 1.416(19) . ? C7 C8 1.350(19) . ? C8 C9 1.431(19) . ? C9 N2 1.377(17) . ? C9 C10 1.390(19) . ? C10 C1 1.364(18) 2_577 ? C10 C20 1.516(14) . ? C11 C12 1.3900 . ? C11 C16 1.3900 . ? C12 C13 1.3900 . ? C13 O1 1.388(13) . ? C13 C14 1.3900 . ? C14 O2 1.365(12) . ? C14 C15 1.3900 . ? C15 O3 1.355(14) . ? C15 C16 1.3900 . ? C17 O1 1.37(2) . ? C18 O2 1.413(18) . ? C19 O3 1.37(2) . ? C20 C21 1.3900 . ? C20 C25 1.3900 . ? C21 C22 1.3900 . ? C22 O4 1.351(13) . ? C22 C23 1.3900 . ? C23 O5 1.340(11) . ? C23 C24 1.3900 . ? C24 O6 1.336(14) . ? C24 C25 1.3900 . ? C26 O4 1.35(2) . ? C27 O5 1.421(19) . ? C28 O6 1.40(2) . ? Bi1 N2 2.435(12) . ? Bi1 N1 2.466(12) . ? Bi1 N2 2.515(13) 2_577 ? Bi1 N1 2.516(12) 2_577 ? Bi1 Bi1 2.678(3) 2_577 ? N1 Bi1 2.516(12) 2_577 ? N2 Bi1 2.515(13) 2_577 ? N3 O10 1.11(2) . ? N3 O8 1.14(2) . ? N3 O9 1.15(2) . ? loop_ _geom_angle_atom_site_label_1 _geom_angle_atom_site_label_2 _geom_angle_atom_site_label_3 _geom_angle _geom_angle_site_symmetry_1 _geom_angle_site_symmetry_3 _geom_angle_publ_flag C10 C1 N1 127.8(13) 2_577 . ? C10 C1 C2 125.6(13) 2_577 . ? N1 C1 C2 106.4(12) . . ? C3 C2 C1 108.2(13) . . ? C2 C3 C4 108.1(13) . . ? N1 C4 C5 126.2(14) . . ? N1 C4 C3 107.4(12) . . ? C5 C4 C3 126.4(14) . . ? C4 C5 C6 124.8(13) . . ? C4 C5 C11 118.4(12) . . ? C6 C5 C11 116.6(11) . . ? N2 C6 C7 109.5(13) . . ? N2 C6 C5 126.7(12) . . ? C7 C6 C5 123.8(14) . . ? C8 C7 C6 105.9(13) . . ? C7 C8 C9 109.8(13) . . ? N2 C9 C10 126.1(13) . . ? N2 C9 C8 105.7(12) . . ? C10 C9 C8 128.1(13) . . ? C1 C10 C9 127.3(12) 2_577 . ? C1 C10 C20 117.2(11) 2_577 . ? C9 C10 C20 115.0(11) . . ? C12 C11 C16 120.0 . . ? C12 C11 C5 118.9(10) . . ? C16 C11 C5 120.9(10) . . ? C11 C12 C13 120.0 . . ? O1 C13 C14 115.8(10) . . ? O1 C13 C12 124.2(9) . . ? C14 C13 C12 120.0 . . ? O2 C14 C13 122.3(10) . . ? O2 C14 C15 117.7(10) . . ? C13 C14 C15 120.0 . . ? O3 C15 C16 123.4(9) . . ? O3 C15 C14 116.6(9) . . ? C16 C15 C14 120.0 . . ? C15 C16 C11 120.0 . . ? C21 C20 C25 120.0 . . ? C21 C20 C10 120.9(9) . . ? C25 C20 C10 119.0(9) . . ? C20 C21 C22 120.0 . . ? O4 C22 C23 115.8(10) . . ? O4 C22 C21 124.2(10) . . ? C23 C22 C21 120.0 . . ? O5 C23 C22 120.8(9) . . ? O5 C23 C24 119.0(9) . . ? C22 C23 C24 120.0 . . ? O6 C24 C25 123.4(8) . . ? O6 C24 C23 116.6(8) . . ? C25 C24 C23 120.0 . . ? C24 C25 C20 120.0 . . ? N2 Bi1 N1 73.7(4) . . ? N2 Bi1 N2 114.5(3) . 2_577 ? N1 Bi1 N2 73.3(4) . 2_577 ? N2 Bi1 N1 73.8(4) . 2_577 ? N1 Bi1 N1 115.0(3) . 2_577 ? N2 Bi1 N1 71.5(4) 2_577 2_577 ? N2 Bi1 Bi1 58.7(3) . 2_577 ? N1 Bi1 Bi1 58.4(3) . 2_577 ? N2 Bi1 Bi1 55.8(3) 2_577 2_577 ? N1 Bi1 Bi1 56.6(3) 2_577 2_577 ? C1 N1 C4 109.9(11) . . ? C1 N1 Bi1 117.4(9) . . ? C4 N1 Bi1 116.0(10) . . ? C1 N1 Bi1 118.0(10) . 2_577 ? C4 N1 Bi1 123.9(9) . 2_577 ? Bi1 N1 Bi1 65.0(3) . 2_577 ? C6 N2 C9 109.0(12) . . ? C6 N2 Bi1 117.8(10) . . ? C9 N2 Bi1 118.8(10) . . ? C6 N2 Bi1 122.1(10) . 2_577 ? C9 N2 Bi1 118.2(10) . 2_577 ? Bi1 N2 Bi1 65.5(3) . 2_577 ? C17 O1 C13 118.2(12) . . ? C14 O2 C18 114.5(11) . . ? C15 O3 C19 116.5(13) . . ? C22 O4 C26 119.1(12) . . ? C23 O5 C27 113.7(12) . . ? C24 O6 C28 116.2(12) . . ? O10 N3 O8 122(2) . . ? O10 N3 O9 119.6(19) . . ? O8 N3 O9 118.3(19) . . ? _diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_max 0.556 _diffrn_reflns_theta_full 24.65 _diffrn_measured_fraction_theta_full 0.556 _refine_diff_density_max 0.922 _refine_diff_density_min -0.980 _refine_diff_density_rms 0.192