File Name : fig.s1.tif Caption : figure s1. sapphire sample holder with a stainless steel back-plate and a lid with 8 mm hole. File Name : fig.s2.tif Caption : figure s2. survey photoelectron spectrum of clean au foil. File Name : fig.s3.tif Caption : fugure s3. au 4f_7/2 photoelectron spectra (hν = 270 ev) from gold foil during cooling at different temperatures. File Name : fig.s4.tif Caption : figure s4. nap au 4f_7/2 photoelectron spectra (using 150 ev kinetic energy photoelectrons) from gold foil at 100°c before (black dash line), during (red dot line), after (blue solid) o₃ treatment and difference spectrum (green dash dot line) between au 4f_7/2 after and before o₃ treatment.