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Caption : fig. s1 a) sem image of 45%-mos2-nss, the upper-right inset is the dls measured hydrodynamic size distributions of 45%-mos2-nss, and lower-right inset is single 45%-mos2-nss. b) sem image of sc-mos2-nss, the upper-right inset is the dls measured hydrodynamic size distributions of sc-mos2-nss, and lower-right inset is single sc-mos2-nss. c) afm image of 45%-mos2-nss, the inset is the height images of 45%-mos2-nss. d) afm image of sc-mos2-nss, the inset is the height images of sc-mos2-nss.

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Caption : fig. s2 schematic diagram of custom-made extinction spectroscopy. from left to right: tungsten halogen lamp, optical fiber, cuvette, optical fiber, spectrometer, and computer.

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Caption : fig. s3 dls measured hydrodynamic size distributions of 45%-mos2-nss and sc-mos2-nss

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Caption : fig. s4 the zeta potential of 45%-mos2-nss and sc-mos2-nss.

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Caption : fig. s5 the effect of sc on the extinction spectrum of mos2-nss, the inset is the molecular structure of sc.

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Caption : fig. s6 after the addition of nacl (20 μl, 5 m) for 1 h, dls measured hydrodynamic size distributions of 45%-mos2-nss.

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Caption : fig. s7 calibration curve of extinction spectra detection of e. coli o157: h7 at different wavelengths (500, 550, 610, 670, 700,750 nm).

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Caption : fig. s8 after the addition of e. coli o157: h7 (750 μl, 104 cfu/ml) for 1 h, dls measured hydrodynamic size distributions of aptamer-based mos2-nss.