File Name : fig.s1.tif

Caption : fig. s1 cytotoxicity was detected by ldh in the presence or absence of antagonists or agonists. relative ldh release (%) was calculated as after exposure to chemicals (at 70 min) vs. khb (at 20 min, as 100%). values are expressed as mean ± sem (n = 6~8). “*” represents significant differences p < 0.05. 

File Name : fig.s2.tif

Caption : fig. s2 pept1 was not involved in sph-induced cck release from the porcine duodenal tissues. (a–d) the mucosal tissues were perfused with khb (0–20 min, baseline 1), 1% sph/cefalexin (20–50 min), khb + 4-amba (50–70 min, baseline 2), and 1% sph/cefalexin + 4-amba (70–100 min). the perfusate was collected every 10 min to determine the cck concentrations. values are expressed as mean ± sem (n = 6~8). “*” indicates a significant difference between the baseline and the stimulant, and “#” means a significant difference between the stimulants (p < 0.05 by tukey test).