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Caption : bet adsorption-desorption isotherms for the house-made catalysts in this study as well as the solid phosphoric acid catalyst from clariant (pm1000).

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Caption : nh3-tpd profiles where the tcd signal is normalized to the mass of sample. 

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Caption : xrd diffractograms for the zn/zsm-5 before and after steam-treatment (a) and the pd/beta after ex-situ reduction (b). the authors note that there was no pd detected by the xrd, with the visible peaks attributable only to the aluminosilicate framework of the zeolite.

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Caption : comparison of actual gc-ms response factors for various model compounds versus a simple response factor of 1. 

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Caption : selectivities to different hydrocarbon classes (left y-axes), butene conversion (right y-axes), and carbon balance (right y-axes) derived from micro gc (gas) and gc-ms (liquid) as a function of time on stream (bottom x-axis) and moles of 1-butene fed (top x-axis) for (a) butene aromatization over the hydrothermally treated 1.5%zn/zsm-5 at t = 340 °c, p = 350 psig, and whsv1-butene<sub></sub> = 0.19 h-1<sup></sup> and (b)  butene aromatization over the hydrothermally treated 1.5%zn/zsm-5 at t = 515 °c, p = 75 psig, and whsv1-butene<sub></sub> = 2.8 h-1<sup></sup>.

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Caption : conversion of olig-1 intermediate, comprising a mixture of c4<sub></sub>-c8<sub></sub> olefins, over hydrothermally-treated 1.5%zn/zsm-5 (sio2<sub></sub>/al2<sub></sub>o3<sub></sub> = 23) and resulting (a,c,e) liquid product classification and (b,d,f) carbon number distribution at (a,b) 1.3, (c,d) 3.4, and (e,f) 10 hours’ time on stream (t=515o<sup></sup>c, p=75 psig, whsv = 2.8 h-1<sup></sup>; feed= 45 mol% olig-1 in n2<sub></sub>). "olig-1” comprises of approximately 70% c4<sub></sub>, 27% c6<sub></sub>, and 3% c8<sub></sub> acyclic olefins.  

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Caption : conversion of butene aromatization product over clariant pm1000 (spa) and resulting liquid product classification and carbon number distribution at (a,b) 5.7 and  (c,d) 17.7 time on stream (t=220o<sup></sup>c, p=550 psig, whsv1-butene<sub></sub> = 0.5 h-1<sup></sup>, whsvaromatics<sub></sub> = 1 h-1<sup></sup>).  

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Caption : conversion of  hydroalkylated aromatic product over 0.15pd/bea and resulting (a,c,e) liquid product classification and (b,d,f) carbon number distribution at (a,b) 2, (c,d) 4, and (e,f) 6 hours’ time on stream (t=140o<sup></sup>c, p=270 psig, whsvaromatics<sub></sub> = 2 h-1<sup></sup>).  

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Caption : comparison of the hydrocarbon class and carbon number distribution (from gc-ms) of the mono-cycloalkane-rich liquid product before (a,b) and after (c,d) hydrotreatment.

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Caption : comparison of the hydrocarbon class and carbon number distribution (from gc-ms) of the bicycloalkane-rich liquid product before (a,b) and after (c,d) hydrotreatment.