Issue 39, 2007
From the journal:

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics

Small angle X-ray scattering measurements probe water nanodroplet evolution under highly non-equilibrium conditions†

Barbara E. Wyslouzil,*a   Gerald Wilemski,b   Reinhard Strey,c   Soenke Seifertd  and  Randall E. Winansd  

* Corresponding authors

a Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA

b Department of Physics, University of Missouri – Rolla, Rolla, USA

c Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany

d X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, USA

Abstract

Our in situ small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements yield an unprecedented and detailed view of rapidly evolving H2O nanodroplets formed in supersonic nozzles. The SAXS experiments produce spectra in a few seconds that are comparable to small angle neutron scattering (SANS) spectra requiring several hours of integration time and the use of deuterated compounds. These measurements now make it possible to quantitatively determine the maximum nucleation and growth rates of small droplets formed under conditions that are far from equilibrium. Particle growth is directly followed from about 10 μs to 100 μs after particle formation with growth rates of ∼0.2 to 0.02 nm μs−1. The peak H2O nucleation rates lie between 1017 and 1018 cm−3 s−1.

Graphical abstract: Small angle X-ray scattering measurements probe water nanodroplet evolution under highly non-equilibrium conditions

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Article information

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1039/B709363B
Article type
Paper
Submitted
20 Jun 2007
Accepted
20 Jul 2007
First published
14 Aug 2007

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2007,9, 5353-5358

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Small angle X-ray scattering measurements probe water nanodroplet evolution under highly non-equilibrium conditions

B. E. Wyslouzil, G. Wilemski, R. Strey, S. Seifert and R. E. Winans, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2007, 9, 5353 DOI: 10.1039/B709363B

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