The crystal packing and engineering prospects of Hellwinkel's salt:[P(2,2'-biphenylyl)2]+[P(2,2'-biphenylyl)3]-
Abstract
The crystal structure of Hellwinkel's salt [P(2,2'-biphenylyl)2]+[P(2,2'-biphenylyl)3]- (1) is reported and the crystal packing analysed. The cation [P(2,2'-biphenylyl)2]+ (P+) is analogous to Ph4P+, and the anion [P(2,2'-biphenylyl)3]- (P-) is analogous to [M(bipy)3]z complexes, both of which form multiple aryl embraces in crystals, but not previously with each other. The chirality of P- is potentially valuable for the resolution of chiral cations. The crystal supramolecularity of 1 is comprised of (1) a P-...P- sixfold aryl embrace with a calculated energy of 8.9 kcal mol-1 attraction, (2) a tight homochiral embrace P+...P- embrace using offset-face-to-face interactions between biphenylyl ligands (calculated attraction 21.0 kcal mol-1), (3) a parallel fourfold aryl embrace P+...P+ (calculated attraction 1.2 kcal mol-1), and (4) several non-standard P+...P- embraces (calculated attractions 13.9, 18.3 kcal mol-1). Comparisons with related crystals are made. The prognosis for application of P- to the resolution of phenylated molecules and cationic metal complexes with phenylphosphonium or phenylarsonium ligands is good.